Fever as a common symptom in pediatrics is also the main reason for pediatric visits. The common causes are upper respiratory tract infections (colds in common parlance), bronchitis, pneumonia, and gastroenteritis. Fever is produced by the normal body immune system against external germs, which plays a good role in the recovery of the disease and can kill harmful bacteria, and is also the initial signal of the disease, telling parents that the child is sick; only patients with poor immunity or newborn babies may not have fever when infected, but often the disease is heavy and even delayed treatment. Parents are often nervous about high fever, thinking that the higher the temperature, the more serious the illness, but in fact the temperature is not directly related to the severity of the disease, the common cold can reach more than 40 degrees, encephalitis sometimes only low fever, but the duration of fever is related to the complexity of the disease, fever for a long time when the disease may be more complex, should actively seek medical advice. Some parents are afraid that high fever will burn their children’s brains out. 10% of children have a convulsion once in their life, of which high fever is the most common cause, commonly known as “heat shock”; heat shock occurs in children under 5 years old, and is related to immature neurological development, when the attack is in the rapid rise in body temperature, when parents have not yet noticed the fever, but before the child’s The hands and feet may be cold, and the whole body may be shivering, but the body is a little hot. For children under 5 years of age and children with a previous history of convulsions, it is important for parents to recognize the period of temperature rise in a timely manner, and to reduce the maximum temperature and the rate of temperature rise by using oral antipyretics and physical cooling to avoid convulsions. Many parents think that the effect of infusion is better than oral medication, so they ask the doctor to give infusion treatment once they arrive at the hospital, according to pharmacology and clinical experience of physicians for mild to moderate infections, the effect of oral and infusion is comparable, and the side effects of oral medication are low; of course, parents should not take antibiotics casually based on their own experience, there are indications for the use of antibiotics, and the medication is different in different cases; the doctor will make the initial judgment based on the child’s general performance and blood routine results. The doctor will make the initial judgment based on the general performance of the child and the results of routine blood tests, which are essential for febrile patients, i.e., to rule out some critical conditions and to guide the doctor in the rational use of medication, and should be routinely checked in hospitals that are in a position to do so. What should parents do when they encounter a child with fever? This is the biggest question that most parents have when they visit the doctor. Once a child has a fever without other symptoms, if the axillary temperature is 38.5 degrees Celsius or higher, parents can first give oral antipyretic treatment, and then actively go to the hospital, after excluding some critical cases and applying effective anti-infection treatment, the child’s temperature is still recurrent, parents can apply antipyretic medicine again at intervals of 4-6 hours. The safer method of medication is to apply ibuprofen (Merlin) and acetaminophen (Tylenol or pediatric antipyretic suppositories) alternately to reduce adverse drug reactions; if the temperature does not drop significantly after applying antipyretic, physical cooling can be carried out by applying cold towels to the head and hot towels to the hands, feet and body, as well as warm baths. If the child is poor in spirit and has new symptoms or the temperature does not drop for 2 days, he should be seen again, or a walking chest X-ray and hematological examination. Fever, as a common pediatric symptom, is experienced several times a year by preschoolers; it is important to pay attention without being nervous, and to be calm without being sloppy, so that children can receive timely and effective treatment.