The treatment of enlarged atria is categorized into medication and surgery depending on the cause of the disease. The effectiveness of treatment is affected by the severity of the disease, age, physical condition and other factors. Enlargement of the ventricular cavity or hypertrophy of the ventricular wall can cause atrial enlargement. Common diseases include pulmonary hypertension, myocardial hypertrophy, aortic or pulmonary valve stenosis, and congenital heart disease. The first choice of drug treatment for pulmonary hypertension is diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and pulmonary hypertension-targeted drugs, such as sildenafil, diltiazem, spironolactone, and so on. When cardiac hypertrophy is the first choice of drug treatment, commonly used drugs are beta-blockers, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, etc.. Surgery can be chosen when the disease is serious, such as mitral valve replacement, septal septectomy, and so on. Surgical treatment is mainly used in congenital heart disease and arterial valve stenosis, and there are two major types of minimally invasive interventional surgery and surgical open-heart surgery, in which minimally invasive interventional balloon dilatation is used to relieve stenosis of blood vessels and valves. If the examination finds that the atrium is enlarged, you should consult a doctor in time and standardize the medication under the doctor’s guidance. Life should be appropriate exercise, avoid exertion, at the same time quit smoking and alcohol, low-salt and low-fat diet.