When it comes to the treatment of swollen and painful finger joints, we must first know that the diagnostic term finger joint swelling and pain only describes a non-specific manifestation of signs and symptoms, the cause of which needs to be clarified before treatment. The causes of swollen and painful finger joints are diverse and are mainly divided into local and systemic causes. Local causes can be trauma, joint strain, osteoarthrosis, post-operative joint disease, infection, tumor, etc. Most of them have a relatively clear external cause, except for special causes such as tumor. Systemic causes are mainly because finger joint swelling and pain are manifested due to other systemic diseases in the body, such as rheumatic immune diseases, metabolic diseases, hematologic diseases, allergic diseases, infections, etc. Common diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, gout, etc. For local trauma or joint sprains and contusions, local braking and orthopedic examination are needed to avoid blind pressure; joint degeneration and strain causes should try to avoid strain factors and reduce excessive joint activities, and appropriate physical therapy can be taken, with internal and external medications and other treatments if necessary; systemic causes are often relatively complex and may require laboratory tests and other auxiliary examinations to clarify the cause. Regardless of the cause, detailed medical history (such as past medical and family history), symptoms (including acute and chronic attacks, presence of triggers, concomitant symptoms, etc.), physical examination (including local and other parts of the body), and other ancillary tests are needed to determine the cause. Therefore, it is impossible to give a definite answer to the question of how to treat swollen and painful finger joints in isolation, and a hospital visit may be required to clarify the situation.