Growing pain is a condition that many children experience, how common is it? Just by looking at the rate of pediatric orthopedic outpatient visits for growing pain, more than one-third of all pediatric orthopedic outpatient visits are for this condition. Based on past statistics, the prevalence of growing pain in children between the ages of 2 and 12 years old has been estimated by various researchers to be between 2.6% and 49.4%. These first-time parents, if they remember their own childhood, may have experienced this pain, but they may not have paid much attention to it at that time. The phenomenon of growing pains was first introduced by Duchamp in 1823, and is called “growing pains” because it often occurs during the growth period. It is a physiological phenomenon unique to childhood and occurs in healthy children between the ages of 2 and 12. The main manifestation is recurrent intermittent pain in both lower limbs, especially in the tibia, knee and surrounding areas. Typical growing pains occur in the middle of the night, last about a few minutes to two hours and can be relieved on their own, with mild pain, no discomfort during the intervals, and do not affect daytime activities. With the improvement of our people’s living standards, and the enhancement of pediatric health care awareness, this condition is only gradually by the parents of children and doctors and scholars to pay attention to. An experienced pediatric orthopedic surgeon, for typical growing pains, usually do not need too many auxiliary tests, only through a detailed history and careful examination can be diagnosed, but often parents face such a diagnosis with skepticism, and even asked the doctor to give the child X-ray examination. This kind of examination can satisfy the family’s demand and generate income for the hospital, so parents think about whether the doctor is satisfied or satisfied or satisfied? I tend to curse fiercely in my heart at this time, “Shut the hell up!” But still have to be immovable to reason clearly with the family: “I personally do not think that this time to do X-examination is necessary, I highly doubt that the child is growing pains, you have to give the child to do this examination is fine, anyway …… there is radiation, you look at the matter.” Because growing pains possess typical clinical features, 2/3 of children have recurrent bilateral lower extremity intermittent pain, especially to the tibia (calf bone), knee joint and surrounding parts of the heavier. The term intermittent refers to a certain periodicity, which varies from report to report, ranging from a few days to a few months, while some severe cases may occur every day. One study of 44 children found that 43% of the children had an episode in about 1 week. The onset of growing pains usually occurs in the evening or at night, a pattern that seriously affects children’s sleep quality, leading to night terrors, night wakings, early awakenings, and daytime drowsiness. Most peculiarly, the growing pains last anywhere from a few minutes to a few hours, only to cease to be painful upon waking the next day. Therefore, it is not usual to perform too many tests, such as X-rays, various blood tests, etc., on these children, if there is no possibility of infection or malignancy. Parents need to understand a situation is, when the doctor combined various factors, consider it necessary to perform some auxiliary tests, but finally found that X-ray, blood calcium, blood phosphorus, blood alkaline phosphatase, rheumatism factor and other tests are not abnormal, the diagnosis of growing pains, to believe in the professional judgment, as for how to determine the parents of these tests are necessary and reasonable, I have to say, this is not my popularization of the task can be accomplished! I have to say that it is beyond the scope of this article. Simply put, working with your doctor’s recommendations is still the best thing to do in the current healthcare environment. So, why do these growing pains occur? If you encounter such a problem in an outpatient clinic, the doctor will usually say that it’s not easy to tell, it’s quite complicated. This is not a perfunctory statement, but it is not easy to explain in a few words. Although the concept of growing pains has been proposed for nearly 200 years, the explanation of its cause is still unsatisfactory, and there are only a few hypotheses, which may be shared with curious parents. The traditional view is that the causes of growing pains are mainly related to anatomy, intensity of activity, psychological factors and the rate of growth. From the anatomical point of view, it is believed that incorrect posture leads to the development of growing pains, and in some children it is true that their pain is also relieved by changing their posture. This view is supported by evidence from some small samples of randomized trials, and it has been found that flat feet with knee valgus can also be the cause of some children with growing pains. However, there is also evidence to the contrary, with some scholars finding no correlation between foot posture and growing pain in a randomized controlled trial of 180 children. With the deepening of understanding and the advancement of testing methods growing pain is also believed to be closely related to the child’s pain threshold – on this point of view, the author feels especially like a nonsense, the world does not seem to have any kind of pain and pain threshold is not related to it, this sentence in non-academic language is, growing pain is related to the child’s fear of pain is not afraid of pain! There is also the phenomenon that parents complain that growing pains become more pronounced with increased physical activity and exercise. It has been suggested that this is related to the accumulation of metabolites in the muscular system after fatigue and heavy exercise, and it has been hypothesized that growing pains are closely related to over-activity. However, this study in children was inconclusive, and there is no definitive evidence that growing pains are associated with over-exercise. In other words, is there a relationship between growing pains and exercise? Not exactly. It’s not definite, it’s not definite, so how do you treat it? There’s really no good way to treat it. The common clinical advice is to rest properly, but also to prescribe a large number of calcium tablets, so calcium supplementation is not useful? The answer is still uncertain. Because about the growing pains and calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase relationship, there are still different views. Some people believe that growing pains and blood calcium, blood phosphorus levels have no relationship, in a school census of 2837 primary and secondary school students, meet the growing pains diagnosis of all children with blood calcium, blood phosphorus levels are in the normal range. However, some scholars’ research suggests that the occurrence of growing pains in children has a certain relationship with calcium deficiency, which may be due to pediatric bone development, neuromuscular tension and lead to tugging pain, in addition, calcium has an inhibitory effect on nerve excitability, calcium deficiency can increase neuromuscular excitability, thus causing muscle pain or muscle spasm.