Periodontal health is fundamental to any form of oral treatment. Adults undergoing orthodontic treatment must be provided with regular oral hygiene instruction and periodontal maintenance to maintain healthy periodontal tissue. There is no uniform understanding of the relationship between malocclusion and periodontal disease, but like many scholars, I believe that the irregular alignment of the teeth predisposes to the formation of calculus. During orthodontic force treatment, all periodontal tissues including alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments and soft tissues move along with the teeth when orthodontic forces move them. The placement of orthodontic appliances in orthodontic treatment makes oral hygiene maintenance relatively difficult The irritation of bands, the adhesive used for banding and bracket bonding, especially the residual monomer of the adhesive, tends to collect plaque and the irritation of the gum tissue should not be ignored. Poor oral hygiene and orthodontic forces acting on periodontal tissues during orthodontic treatment can affect the health of gingival and periodontal tissues and make gingival inflammation more likely to occur. Patients must take active measures to maintain good oral hygiene and develop the habit of proper oral hygiene maintenance. Adult orthodontic patients may be susceptible to periodontal disease. Therefore, the condition of periodontal tissues must be closely monitored during orthodontic treatment so that periodontal treatment can be performed in a timely manner. Periodontal treatment is generally recommended before orthodontic treatment, due to the consensus that orthodontically induced inflammation can lead to irreversible periodontal tissue destruction. Periodontal treatment such as scaling, root planing, gingival flap surgery, and attached gingival widening should be performed if necessary prior to tooth movement. Periodontal treatment such as revision of the alveolar bone, removal of periodontal pockets and some other resection procedures should be delayed until the end of orthodontic treatment because the movement of the teeth can change the morphology of the gingiva or alveolar bone. In recent years, some scholars have also compared the effects of lingual, invisible and fixed aligners on periodontal tissues and found that lingual aligners had the greatest impact and invisible aligners had the least impact. This may be due to the fact that lingual orthodontic appliances are more difficult to maintain oral hygiene than labial ones, are more prone to plaque adherence, and are less likely to be detected by patients.