Chloasma is a kind of pigmentation that occurs on facial skin, often related to sun exposure, endocrine, with hereditary tendency, and can be treated with medication or laser. Under long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays in sunlight, the epidermal barrier is damaged, leading to increased release of inflammatory factors and activation of melanin function, resulting in the appearance of hyperpigmented spots on the face, known as melasma. In addition, changes in estrogen and progesterone levels will also promote melanin production and transit, resulting in chloasma and a genetic predisposition. For the treatment of melasma, sun protection is the foundation, and hydroquinone, azelaic acid and retinoic acid can be used to improve pigmentation, oral tranexamic acid and glutathione can be taken, and laser treatment can be used if necessary. When chloasma appears, it should be actively diagnosed and treated, and medicines should be reasonably applied according to the doctor’s prescription.