Spontaneous pneumothorax is formed when the alveoli rupture, and its main symptoms are chest pain, dyspnea and irritating cough on the affected side. Most patients suddenly feel a short time needle-like or knife-like pain on one side, followed by chest tightness, dyspnea and irritating cough, while a small number of patients do not have obvious symptoms of chest pain and mainly have dyspnea. Patients with pneumothorax who have obvious symptoms of dyspnea need to lie on the healthy side to reduce the symptoms of dyspnea, and patients with pneumothorax can be life-threatening in severe cases. The severity of symptoms at the onset of pneumothorax is related to the basic condition of the lung, the speed of pneumothorax and the amount of pneumothorax accumulation. In patients with poor lung foundation, even a small amount of pneumothorax can have significant symptoms. Spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in patients without underlying lung disease and is most often seen in lean and long adolescents. Secondary pneumothorax often occurs in patients with underlying lung diseases, such as tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.