HPV is a human papillomavirus infection, and there are many genotypes of HPV. More than 120 genotypes have been identified, of which about 30 are related to reproductive tract infections, of which high-risk types 58, 56, 16 and 18 are the most common, and this virus infection is related to cervical cancer and cervical precancer. If necessary, colposcopy plus cervical biopsy is needed to rule out cervical precancer. There are several vaccines available to prevent cervical high-risk HPV infection, including the 9-valent cervical vaccine, which can prevent 58 virus infection. The key to preventing HPV infection is to avoid sexual promiscuity and multiple sexual partners, and to actively prevent and treat reproductive tract infections.