The skull base is one of the most complex areas of intracranial anatomy, and many tumors can invade the skull base. Tumors in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, parapharyngeal space, paranasal sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa, temporal fossa, infratemporal fossa, and temporal bone of the skull base can invade upward to the bone of the skull base, and even destroy the dura mater to form tumors of intracranial and extracranial communication. Skull base tumors are divided into anterior, middle, posterior and lateral skull base tumors according to anatomical sites. Common tumors originating from the intracranial near skull base include olfactory groove meningioma, neuroblastoma, saddle node meningioma, pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, rocky slope meningioma, parotid adenocarcinoma, osteosarcoma, osteochondrosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma of the sinus, mucous membrane melanoma, audiological nerve sheath tumors, epithelioid cysts, and jugular venous bulbomas, etc. If the dura of the skull base is broken through, it forms the dural membrane, which can form a tumor of the intra- and extracranial communication. If the dura mater of the base of the skull is breached, intracranial and extracranial communication tumors are formed, and according to the direction of tumor development, they can protrude into the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, temporal fossa, infratemporal fossa, pterygopalatine fossa, and so on. According to the statistics of American Brain Tumor Center, the annual incidence of primary benign and malignant skull base tumors in the United States is 14/100,000 people, accounting for 25G of primary intracranial tumors.Due to the complex anatomical structure of the skull base region, the concentration of neurovascular densely packed, the structure of the complex and important functions, and the depth of the surgical field is in the narrow, so that the treatment of the skull base tumors has always become a huge challenge for neurosurgeons. Most of the skull base tumors are slow-growing benign extracerebral tumors, and a small part of them are malignant tumors invading or metastatic tumors in the adjacent areas. Generally, the course of the disease is relatively long, and the clinical manifestations of different tumor sites are also different, and the clinical manifestations are the symptoms and high cranial pressure manifested by the tumors invading the cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, cerebellum, brainstem, and paranasal sinuses. Choosing reasonable treatment plan, personalized treatment, and improving patients’ survival quality are the direction of neurosurgeons’ future efforts.