The biggest danger of dental calculus is to cause gingivitis and periodontitis.
Studies have shown that sterile calculus itself does not cause inflammation of the gums and resorption of the alveolar bone, but mainly adheres to its surface bacteria and their metabolites can lead to inflammation of the gums, manifested as bleeding from brushing, bad taste in the mouth and so on. Supragingival cleaning (scaling) is required to remove calculus.
As the disease progresses, calculus increases and adheres to the roots, and some patients with gingivitis develop periodontitis, which manifests itself as bleeding gums, alveolar bone resorption, and loose and displaced teeth. In severe cases, complications such as periodontal abscess and retrograde pulpitis may accompany the disease. A periodontal sequence of treatments is required, consisting of basic periodontal treatment, periodontal surgical treatment, periodontal medication, and periodontal maintenance treatment, with extraction of teeth if necessary.
Therefore, removing oral bacteria and calculus is the key to preventing periodontal diseases. Regular oral cleaning and early detection and treatment are recommended.