Jin Gui Yao Liao is the earliest existing monograph on internal medicine and miscellaneous diseases in China, in which many of the contents of the treatment of kidney disease have a significant impact on the treatment of kidney disease in later generations. The contents of the treatment of kidney disease are summarized into ten methods, which are described here. First, declaring the lungs to relieve the surface, hair over the water gas Wei Lianbo, Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, “Jin Gui Yao Liao, water gas disease pulse evidence and treatment of the fourteenth” cloud: “wind and water evil wind, a full swollen body, floating pulse is not (and) thirst, renewed since the sweating, the more maidservant soup main”. “Water in the water, a yellow swelling of the face and eyes, its pulse sinking, urination is not favorable, so the disease water. If the urine is self-liberating, this death of fluids, so that thirst, the Yue Maid plus art decoction of the Lord”. The more maidservant plus art decoction: ephedra six taels, gypsum half a catty, ginger three taels, licorice two taels, atractylodes four taels, jujube fifteen, the right six flavors, with six liters of water, the first boil ephedra, go on the froth, within the drugs, boiled three liters, divided into three warm service. The evil wind plus a piece of appendicitis, cannon. Lung is the main surface, the fence of the human body, wind and evil, the first offense against the lungs, the lungs are not through the water channel, wind and water Bo water overflowing veins outside the hair for edema, wind and water for the disease. Feng Shui features: ① bad wind and other superficial evidence; ② floating pulse; ③ swelling of the whole body to the face and eyes mainly; ④ thirst, sweating. Wind and water is water between the skin and the coupling, and the upper body mainly, can not use Poria Zedo diaphragm diaphragm to expel water, the scripture: all diseases edema swelling above the waist, when sweating is healed, and to use sweating method to send over the water to eliminate swelling, so over the maidservant soup with ephedra, ginger to send over the water, the sick person has a thirst and self-sweating, indicating that there is heat in the body, a single use of ephedra ginger fear of helping the heat to injure the fluid, so with gypsum can be used to support the warmth of the ephedra ginger, the body is hot. It leaves the function of sweating to disperse wind-cold, so that ephedra changes from pungent and warm to pungent and cool to disperse wind-cold to disperse water. Therefore, Yue maidservant soup is used to treat wind and water with heat. If ① the pulse is not floating but sinking; ② the superficial evidence of bad wind is gone; ③ the color of the face is yellow; ④ the swelling of the whole body is mainly in the face and eyes, and the urine is unfavorable. The surface evidence of wind-water has been resolved, edema is not resolved, internal transmission to the spleen, the spleen transporting water-dampness is constrained, this is from wind-water to Pi-shui (Li-shui), with the halberd maidservant plus art decoction to treat it. If urination is spontaneous, and thirst, this is the death of fluid, can not be used to send over the water of the Yue maidservant plus art decoction. Acute nephritis, acute attack of chronic nephritis or nephrotic syndrome with malignant cold and fever, sore throat episodes, accompanied by urinary incontinence and edema, belongs to the Chinese medicine yangzhong fengshui has a better effect. Liu Shumin [1] with Yue maidservant plus art soup intervention in chronic glomerulonephritis animal model, its renal pathology film shows lesions lighter than the model group of animals, electron microscopy ultrastructural observation of visible cells of the cell membrane, nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles are relatively normal. It shows that Yue Maiden Garjutsu Soup has a protective effect on renal tissues and can delay the progression of chronic nephritis. Second, benefit the qi and wind, strengthen the spleen and promote water “Jin Gui Yao Liao・Water and Qi Disease Pulse Evidence and Treatment” chapter: “wind and water, floating pulse and body weight, sweating and malignant wind, preventing hexane and astragalus soup main, abdominal pain, add peony.” Fangji Huangqi Tang: Fangji one or two, Astragalus one or two and a half (remove the reed), Atractylodes macrocephala seven and a half, licorice half two (fried).” With the aforementioned Feng Shui, there is sweating, bad wind, and a floating pulse. However, the sweating in the previous article is renewed from the sweat, for the wind is transformed from heat, and the sweating in this article is a symptom of deficiency in the surface. In the previous article, the wind is more serious at the surface, so it highlights the malignant wind in the front, but in this article, the wind is not very serious, and the malignant wind comes after the sweating. The former article all swollen, this article body weight is mainly heavy, heavy body for water in the table, so this article discusses the wind and water table deficiency evidence. Therefore, the use of water has been water, astragalus qi solid surface, atractylodes macrocephala strengthens the spleen and dampness, ginger, jujube and Yingwei, licorice and neutralization. Xu Jianping et al[2] applied Fangji Huangqi Tang combined with Wu Ling San to treat idiopathic edema and achieved ideal efficacy. Zhang Kun et al [3] treated chronic nephritis with Fangji Huangqi Tang, and the results showed that the formula had obvious effect of lowering proteinuria. Yu et al [4] showed that Fangji Huangqi Tang could significantly reduce blood urea nitrogen, renal tubular and renal interstitial fibroblast marker proteins a-smooth muscle protein and fibronectin and gene expression in rats with unilateral ureteral ligation, and thus attenuate renal interstitial fibrosis. Yu Dongrong et al [5] showed that Fangji Huangqi Tang has a protective effect on the foot cells of the rat model of chronic kidney disease, which can reduce the model rats urinary protein, blood creatinine and other indicators. Pharmacological studies have shown that Astragalus has the ability to enhance the body’s immune function, can significantly promote the synthesis of serum and liver proteins, and through the improvement of adrenocortical function and thus enhance the ability of rats to resist stress. Fangji has anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and anti-allergic, anti-renal interstitial fibrosis effects. Atractylodes macrocephala has a variety of biological activities such as anti-fatigue and anti-coagulation, and reduces creatinine level through diuresis and regulation of peritoneal pore opening. Animal experiments have proved that Fangji Huangqi soup can prevent and control the occurrence of renal interstitial fibrosis by protecting the foot cells and reducing the blood urea nitrogen of rats, increasing the level of albumin, and significantly reducing the expression level of renal tubules and renal interstitial a-SMA, FN. Third, warming and tonifying the kidney yang, transforming gas and running water, “Jin Gui Yao Liao, blood paralysis, deficiency and labor disease pulse evidence and treatment of the sixth”: “deficiency and labor waist pain, abdominal constriction, urination is not conducive to the eight flavors of Kidney qi pills main” and “thirst and urination is not favorable to gonorrhea pulse evidence and treatment of the thirteenth”: “men have thirst and urinate against the more to drink a bucket, urinate a bucket, Kidney qi pills main One bucket of water, one bucket of urine, Kidney Qi Pill is the mainstay.” Eight-flavored Kidney Qi Pill: eight taels of dried dihuang, four taels of yam, four taels of cornelian cherry, three taels of zedoary, three taels of poria, three taels of mudanpi, one or two taels of cinnamon, one or two taels of appendicia (shelled). The previous article discusses the deficiency of kidney yang deficiency deficiency labor treatment. Waist for the kidneys outside the internal organs, kidney yang deficiency is waist pain; kidney gas deficiency, the bladder gas is unfavorable, so the abdominal constriction, urinary disadvantage. Therefore, with eight flavors of kidney qi pill to help the weak Yang to water, nourish the yin of the kidney to anger, then the deficiency of labor can be cured. The latter article deals with the treatment of lower elimination. Most of the upper and middle consumptions belong to heat, while most of the lower consumptions belong to both heat and cold. Kidney is the organ of water and fire, which contains true yin and true yang, so kidney yin deficiency and kidney yang deficiency or kidney yin and yang deficiencies can cause thirst. This article discusses the lower elimination of Yang deficiency. When the kidney is deficient in yang, it can neither vaporize fluid to moisten the upper part of the body, nor can it transform qi to take in water, therefore, if you drink a bucket of water, you will have to urinate a bucket of water. Using Kidney Qi Pill to warm and tonify kidney yang to restore its function of vaporizing fluid and transforming gas, thirst can be relieved. In recent years, literature shows that Jin Gui Kidney Qi Pill is often used in patients with kidney yang deficiency type of chronic nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, idiopathic membranous nephropathy, and end-stage uremia, which are patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency with better curative effect. The formula can also alleviate the complications caused by prednisone; and the symptoms of lumbar pain in patients with kidney disease have significant improvement. Fourth, warming the yang and transforming the drink, strengthen the spleen and promote water “Jin Gui Yao Liao phlegm drink cough disease pulse evidence and treatment of the twelfth”: “heart under the phlegm and drink, chest and hypochondrium support fullness of dizziness, ling gui juju gannetang main” “The short gas has a micro-drinking, when going from the urinary tract, ling gui juju gannetang main, the kidney qi pills is also the main. Kidney Energy Pill is also the mainstay.” Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang formula: Poria four taels, Gui Zhi three taels, Atractylodes macrocephala three taels, Glycyrrhiza glabra two taels). The above four flavors, with six liters of water, boiled to three liters, divided into warm three services, urination is li. This method deals with the treatment of phlegm-drinking and micro-drinking. The former article is about the weakness of stomach yang, water and drink stay, so there is phlegm and drink under the heart, drink evil internal obstruction, then chest and hypochondriac support fullness; clear yang does not rise, then the eyes for the dizziness. Microdrinking refers to the slightest of water-drinking, that is, the so-called “water stops under the heart, micro shortness of breath” evidence, microdrinking of the disease, the external evidence is not obvious, only to see the shortness of breath, it seems to be a slight, but the water-drinking internal obstruction, the Yang is not gas, the origin of the spleen and kidney, must be early for the treatment of the map. Water and drink stay, preventing the elevation of the gas, so shortness of breath. Yang Qi is not transformed, the urine is unfavorable. However, the evil of drinking, due to the lack of water in the middle of the yang stop for the drink, the origin of the spleen, will see the heart under the reverse fullness, the beginning of the dizziness and so on, the treatment of ling gui juju gan soup of poria, gui zhi through the yang, atractylodes macrocephalus stomach and licorice and neutralization. All the medicines are used to warm the yang and remove water, strengthen the spleen and promote water retention. At present, Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang is mainly used in patients with hydronephrosis and chronic nephritis of Yang deficiency and water flooding type. Clinical features of this formula include dizziness, palpitation, shortness of breath, edema and oliguria, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, and cold pain in the chest and back. Modern pharmacology confirms that Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang mainly has diuretic, cardiotonic and anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects. Poria, Gui Zhi and Atractylodes extracts all have obvious and long-lasting diuretic effects. Glycyrrhiza glabra has can anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects; cinnamon bark can inhibit complement immune hemolytic reaction and inhibit urinary protein of complex nephritis; Poria can improve phagocytosis of mouse macrophage and inhibit the triggering of autoimmune diseases. Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang has good anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects. Fifth, nourish blood, blood, spleen and diuresis, “Jin Gui Yao Liao, women’s pregnancy disease pulse evidence and treatment of the twentieth”: “women expectant, pain in the abdomen, Angelica peony powder Lord. And “Miscellaneous Diseases of Women” (妇人雜病脉证并治第二十二)：”Women with pain in the abdomen, Angelica sinensis and Paeonia lactiflora powder is the mainstay of pain in the abdomen.” Women’s pregnancy abdominal pain and all diseases with angelica peony powder, although the treatment is not kidney disease, but from the square test evidence is spleen deficiency and dampness of kidney disease can be applied. At present, it is mainly used clinically for the treatment of diabetes mellitus early renal lesions, chronic glomerulonephritis, hydronephrosis, etc. belonging to spleen deficiency and dampness, blood deficiency and blood stasis. Li Xiaobing [6] observed the therapeutic effect of Angelica sinensis and Paeonia lactiflora powder on 72 patients with early diabetic nephropathy, and the results showed that the 24-hour urinary protein and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) of the treatment group decreased significantly after treatment, and the urinary albumin creatinine ratio decreased; and IL-6, TGF-131, CRP, and IL-18 were significantly reduced after treatment. This study suggests that Jiawei danggui peony powder may protect renal function and delay the progression of DN by reducing the microinflammatory state in patients with early diabetic nephropathy. Chen Baoguo [7] used Angelica sinensis and Paeonia lactiflora powder plus Yu Jin, Qian Cao, Bai Hua Snake Tongue and Licorice to treat 60 cases of urinary tract stone renal colic with obvious effect. Sixth, the transformation of drinking water, diuretic swelling “Jin Gui Yao Liao phlegm drink cough disease pulse evidence and treatment of the twelfth”: thirst for water, water into the vomit, called the water reversal, five Ling San main.” And “If the pulse is floating, the urine is unfavorable, and the person is slightly hot and thirsty, it is appropriate to facilitate urination and sweating, and Wuling San is the main one” and “If the thin person has palpitation under the umbilicus, vomits saliva and dizziness, this is also water, and Wuling San is the main one.” Five Ling San formula: one or two a minute Zelia, pig ling three points (peeled), Poria three points, atractylodes macrocephala three points, cinnamon sticks two points (peeled). The above five flavors, for the end of the white drink to serve square inch dagger, three services a day, drink more warm water, sweating healing. This article discusses the treatment of Water Reflux syndrome. The bladder gasification failure, the lower jiao water storage, up against the stomach also stop water, Jin not on the cloth and thirst, drinking water is refused and not to accept, so the water into the vomit. If the phlegm and drink in the lower Jiao, not from the urinal, but the bladder qi failure, the water has no way to go, reverse and upward, then spit saliva and dizziness; water movement in the lower, the umbilical cord palpitating rushing reversal, drink in the lower Jiao, when the urinal to go, the treatment of the five Ling San qi diuretic water. If the surface evil is not resolved, the heat shall not be drained, the bladder qi is blocked, the water stops in the lower part of the body, the fluid does not go up to the upper part of the body and the thirst for water, the treatment shall also be Wu Ling San. In modern times, this formula is used for nephritic edema, renal syndrome edema, diabetic nephropathy edema, cardiogenic edema, hepatic edema, endocrine disorders and idiopathic edema belonging to edema caused by bladder qi dissolution disorder can be considered for application. Liu’s [8] reported, with the five ling san flavored treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis proteinuria 42 cases, the duration of the disease within 1 year to 5 years, the results of the obvious effect (serving 10 doses of the following, urine protein to negative, the disappearance of the symptoms) 14 cases, accounting for 33.3%; effective (even serving 20 doses of the following urine protein to negative) 24 cases, accounting for 57.1%, the total effective rate of 90.4% (which is ineffective in the duration of the disease are more than 3 years). The total effective rate was 90.4% (among the invalid cases, the duration of the disease was more than 3 years). Zhang’s [9] used wuling san plus flavor to treat 66 cases of urinary stone disease, 6l cases of kidney stones (7 cases of double kidney stones, 40 cases of single kidney stones, 14 cases of kidney and ureteral stones), 5 cases of ureteral stones, the diameter of the stone O.5-52.5px. results: 5l cases were cured (77.27%), 10 cases were effective (15.15%), 5 cases were ineffective (7.58%), and the total effective rate was 92.42%. 92.42%. Wang’s [10] experimental study showed that Wu Ling San extract has diuretic and antihypertensive effects on renal hypertension rats, and does not cause electrolyte disorders. Gao’s [11] study found that Wu Ling San can significantly reduce the level of vascular endothelin, suggesting that it can improve the function of vascular endothelial cells by reducing the level of blood uric acid. Yu’s [12] and other observations of Yin Chen Wu Ling San preventive and therapeutic administration can inhibit the elevation of serum total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) content and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol / high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C / HDL-C) ratio in hyperlipidemic model of rats. Seven, light seepage diuresis, nourishing yin and clearing heat “Jin Gui Yao Lue / phlegm drink cough disease pulse evidence and treatment of the twelfth”: “floating pulse fever, thirst for water, urination is not conducive to the Lord of the pig ling soup.” Poria soup formula: poria (skin), Poria, Agaricus, talcum, zedoary each one or two. The above five flavors with four liters of water, first boil four flavors, take two liters, remove the dregs, within the gelatine melt elimination, warm service seven, three times a day. This article discusses the water-heat inter-conjugation, depression and heat injury to the yin of the urine unfavorable treatment. Floating pulse and fever, thirst for water, urination is unfavorable, is the water-heat mutual knot injury to the yin of the symptoms, so use the pig ling soup water nourishing yin. In the formula, two ling, ze diarrhea, talcum light seepage of water and clear heat, Agaricus nourishes yin and moistens the dryness, so that the water is removed from the heat is not attached to, and the thirst is restored to the thirst is also stopped. Modern mostly used for yin deficiency edema or. Chen Ming [13] statistics of 106 cases of medical cases, the vast majority of diseases treated by pig ling soup for urinary system diseases, ranked in the first five are: urinary stones, chronic nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, celiac disease, pyelonephrosis. Wu Yixian [14] treated 60 cases of geriatric retention of urine with pig ling soup as the main flavoring, and the treatment results showed that 56 cases were cured (the number of nocturnal urination was less than 2, and urination was smooth); 3 cases were improved (the number of nocturnal urination was reduced, and the symptom of spotting urination disappeared or was reduced), and l case was ineffective. Quan Shijian, Xiong Manqi et al[15] found that poria soup can effectively inhibit the proliferation of mesangial cells and slow down the damage of renal function through experiments. Zhang Shounian, Liu Huadong et al [16] treated experimental acute pyelonephritis model in rats with gardenia cypress and pig ling soup, and found that gardenia cypress and pig ling soup could rapidly improve the local inflammation, and could effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria in the urine of the affected rats and in the tissues of the left kidney. Chen Ming, Guo Xuanxian [17] found that the serum of rats compounded with gardenia beriberi soup could inhibit the secretion of IL-6 protein in MC induced by LPS, and its inhibitory effect was more significant at the peak of secretion and showed a dose-dependent relationship, suggesting that inhibition of thylakoid proliferation by this formula may be related to the inhibition of thylakoid cell autocrine IL-6. Eight, activate blood circulation and eliminate blood stasis, eliminate Y water “Jin Gui Yao Lue, women’s pregnancy disease pulse evidence and treatment of the twentieth”, said: “women have Y disease, the menstrual interruption has not been and three months, and get more than leakage, the fetus moves in the umbilical cord, for Y chronic harm. If the fetus moves in the umbilicus in June of pregnancy, the fetus will move in the first three months of menstruation when the water is flowing. Those who shed blood in the third month after the break are also bad. So the blood is not only, the Y does not go, when the Y, Gui Zhi Poria Pill Lord.” Gui Zhi Poria Pill formula: Gui Zhi, Poria, peony (remove heart), peach kernel (remove the tip of the skin, boiled), peony, the right five flavors of the end of the honey and pills, such as rabbit poop large, daily before eating a pill. If you don’t know, add up to three pills. This article discusses the treatment of Y disease in women. Using the formula to test the evidence, Gui Zhi promotes Yang and activates Blood circulation, Poria relieves water retention and reduces swelling, Dampi and Tao Ren break up blood stasis and eliminate Y, and Paeonia lactiflora harmonizes Blood circulation. The combination of these herbs is used to treat blood stasis and edema. In modern times, this formula is used to treat against diabetic nephropathy, chronic nephritis, purpuric nephritis, urinary tract stones, etc.. Pharmacological studies have found that after administration of Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan to rats with spontaneous diabetes model, kidney function related indexes were significantly improved. In addition, studies have also shown that Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan [18] has an inhibitory effect on oxidative stress, glycation and activation of polyol pathway induced by chronic hyperglycemic state. Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan composition has anti-inflammatory, reduce whole blood viscosity, enhance red blood cell deformation ability, improve red blood cell agglutination, inhibit platelet aggregation, and have better efficacy on isolated hematuria type or isolated proteinuria in purpura nephritis [19]. Nine, warming the sun and removing blood stasis, diuresis and detoxification of dampness “Jin Gui Yao Liao・Sore carbuncle intestinal carbuncle immersion disease pulse evidence and treatment of the 18th”: “intestinal carbuncle of the disease, its body armor wrong, abdominal skin anxious, press the moisten, such as swelling, abdominal no accumulation, no heat, pulse number, this is the intestinal carbuncle and pus, coix lacryma epiphyllum defeats sauce dispersal Lord.” Job’s tears and seeds, septum powder formula: Job’s tears and seeds, two points, septum five points, the right three flavors, pestle and mortar, take the square inch dagger, with two liters of water, decocted to reduce half, served at once. This formula is used in treating the syndrome of stagnation of Ying Qi and heat, combined with deficiency of Yang Qi. This formula was originally used in treating intestinal carbuncle with suppuration due to heat and toxicity and deficiency of Yang Qi. Intestinal carbuncle mainly refers to the condition in which the skin of the abdomen is tense and bulging like a swelling, but is soft when pressed. Clinical identification of Yang deficiency and cold dampness can be treated with the modified treatment of Coix lacryma and epiphyllum septicum, especially in the case of cold dampness and heavy Yang deficiency. Such as complex urinary tract infection, chronic pelvic pain and other diseases. Peng Jinrong [20] showed that the pharmacodynamic material basis of Coix lacryma and epiphyllum septicum powder showed that the in vitro experiments of the active components of Coix lacryma and epiphyllum septicum powder showed that it had good free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity. Zhao Shikui [21] found that this formula was effective in chronic pyelonephritis. Lan Hongying et al [22] reported that the use of Coix lacryma epimedium septicum combined with penicillin was effective in the treatment of renal abscess. Ten, warm yang dispersal of cold, diarrhea cold accumulation of the “Jin Gui Yao Lue, abdominal fullness cold hernia hostile food disease pulse evidence treatment of the tenth” chapter: “dystocia migraine, fever, its pulse string tight, this cold, to warm medicine under the appropriate rhubarb and epiphyllum soup. Rhubarb and Pineapple Soup: three taels of rhubarb, three seeds of Pineapple (shelled), two taels of fine spices.” This formula has the function of warming yang and dispersing cold, diarrhea and cold accumulation, and is a representative formula of warming and lowering agents. Clinical studies have found that rhubarb and epiphyllum soup can improve the symptoms associated with chronic renal insufficiency, uremia, acute renal failure, diabetic nephropathy and other diseases. Pang Li et al [23] used rhubarb and epiphyllum soup plus subtraction to treat 30 patients with chronic renal insufficiency, and the results showed that the BUN and Scr of the patients were significantly reduced after treatment. Peng Bao et al [24] randomized 45 uremia patients and gave rhubarb and epiphyllum soup and western medicine treatment respectively, the results showed that the effective rate of the traditional Chinese medicine group was 80.9%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Lv Hongyi et al