Children born to mothers who are hepatitis B carriers may not always have hepatitis B. The key depends on the mother’s hepatitis B viral load and whether she takes effective protective measures. Studies now show that if the mother’s viral load is below 10^5, the mother-to-child transmission rate is very low; however, if the hepatitis B viral load reaches 10^8, the mother-to-child transmission rate is close to 18%. Although this rate is slightly higher, the mother can start oral antiviral medication in the sixth month of pregnancy, and with the hepatitis B vaccine and immunoglobulin after the child is born, this will give the child nearly 99% protection. In addition, if a mother with a high viral load is breastfeeding, she should suspend breastfeeding when her nipples are ruptured and bleeding or if her child has thrush, so that she can prevent her child from being infected with hepatitis B. Therefore, mothers with hepatitis B can protect their children from hepatitis B infection if they use the proper protective measures.