Color blindness is a relatively rare congenital color vision abnormality in ophthalmology. The majority of congenital color blindness is inherited from the sex chromosomes, and the most common type is red-green color blindness, which is inherited by X-chromosome recessive inheritance, and the incidence rate of this disease is usually around 5% in males and around 0.5% in females. Currently, there is no effective treatment for this disease. In the case of total color blindness, which means that the eyes are unable to recognize all colors, this condition belongs to the autosomal recessive inheritance, and after the occurrence of this condition, it will be accompanied by vision loss or nystagmus, which are congenital diseases. In this case, it is necessary to go to the hospital for a color vision test to clarify.