It is generally accepted that only one seizure is not diagnostic of epilepsy, but at least two, seizures and combined with EEG results are required to diagnose epilepsy. If the EEG has very distinct and typical epileptic discharges, the likelihood of a second or third seizure following the first is very high. The pros and cons of antiepileptic treatment have to be weighed and the family’s opinion sought for a comprehensive consideration. There is also a kind of episodic seizure, which means that the patient may have 1-2 seizures in his/her lifetime without treatment and without recurrence. This kind of patient is not necessarily diagnosed with epilepsy, but attention should be paid to the clinical observation that not all seizures should be diagnosed as epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs should be given to treat them.