Kidney cysts may be asymptomatic, and some patients may have symptoms such as distension and pain in the affected side of the abdomen or back, hematuria, and fever. Depending on the symptoms, medication can be given to treat the symptoms, such as pain medication (ibuprofen), antiemetic medication (Yunnan Baiyao capsule), antibiotics (cefixime), and so on, and if the cysts are too large or suspected of malignancy, surgery may be performed. Kidney cysts are usually asymptomatic, but some patients may have symptoms such as abdominal or back pain, hematuria, abdominal mass, and elevated body temperature. According to different symptoms, medication can be given to symptomatic treatment, such as pain medication (ibuprofen, erixib), hemostatic drugs (Yunnan Baiyao capsule), antibiotics (cefixime), etc., and surgical treatment if necessary. Simple renal cysts with a diameter of <5cm hardly affect renal function, and the chance of malignant transformation is very small, so it is not necessary to treat asymptomatic patients without complications, and can be temporarily observed. If the cyst is enlarged or rupture occurs, and the patient has pain, urinary tract obstruction, infection, bleeding, hypertension and other conditions, then surgical treatment can be considered. The main treatment is renal cyst puncture sclerotherapy, which is suitable for larger cysts with a diameter of >5cm, and puncture aspiration and injection of sclerosing agent such as anhydrous ethanol can be considered to prevent recurrence. Sclerosing agent can change the ratio of biofilm proteins and lipids, cause the malfunction of amino acid transport and calcium ion endocytosis, which in turn leads to the death of cyst epithelial cells and the loss of secretion function, so as to achieve the therapeutic purpose. Patients with renal cysts should go to regular hospitals in time, and standardize the treatment under the guidance of doctors, do not blindly self-medication.