Chronic nephritis is a glomerular disease with a slow onset and prolonged course, with clinical manifestations of varying degrees of proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension and edema. Most of the disease can develop into chronic renal failure in the later stages of the disease process. In addition to the necessary symptomatic treatment for chronic nephritis, diet is very important.
A chronic nephritis diet principles.
1, low protein, low phosphorus diet: low protein and low phosphorus diet can reduce the glomerular hypertension, hyperperfusion and hyperfiltration state, delaying the sclerosis of the glomerulus and the decline in kidney function. Therefore, the protein intake of patients with chronic nephritis should be limited to 0.5-0.8g per kg of body weight per day, of which more than 60% should be high-quality protein, such as eggs, dairy products, lean meat, fish, etc. If you can also take oral essential amino acids and alpha-keto acids, you can also reduce proteinuria in patients with chronic nephritis and prevent the occurrence of malnutrition. Foods with low phosphorus content include lotus root powder, vermicelli, cabbage, cabbage, egg whites, celery, spinach, tomatoes, melons, sugar cane, etc. In addition, by limiting the intake of protein can also achieve the purpose of low phosphorus.
2, adequate carbohydrates: chronic nephritis patients due to the restriction of protein intake, caloric energy will be mainly supplied by carbohydrates, so the sugar in the diet should be raised appropriately to meet the body’s demand for caloric energy. In addition, an adequate supply of calories can reduce the consumption of protein, reduce the burden on the kidneys, and allow the small amount of protein intake to be used entirely for tissue repair and growth and development. Foods suitable for patients with chronic nephritis include vermicelli, vermicelli, potatoes, lotus root powder, etc.
3, limit sodium: chronic nephritis patients with significant edema and hypertension should be given a salt-restricted diet, which generally requires a sodium intake of 1 to 3g per day.
4, appropriate water intake: water intake is generally not restricted, but should not be too much, especially with obvious edema and urine less, must pay attention to the amount of water intake.
5, supplemental vitamins and iron: chronic nephritis patients can be due to the long duration of the disease, poor appetite, eating less and affect the intake of vitamins, therefore, chronic nephritis patients should pay attention to eating foods rich in vitamin a, b and c, such as fresh vegetables and fruits to prevent vitamin deficiency. The chronic nephritis patients are often accompanied by anemia symptoms, mainly caused by the lack of hematopoietic materials, so chronic nephritis patients should also choose some iron-rich foods, such as pig liver, eggs, tomatoes, dates and green leafy vegetables, and also pay attention to folic acid and vitamin b12 supplementation.
In acute attacks of chronic nephritis, people with edema or hypertension should limit their salt intake to 2-4 grams per day. Those with high edema should control salt to less than 2 grams per day, salted fish and all kinds of salted vegetables should be avoided, and only after the edema subsides can the amount of salt be gradually increased. Water intake should not be restricted except in cases of significant edema. Those with low plasma protein and no azotemia should enter a high-protein diet of 70-90 grams per day, 60-70 grams per day of fat, and 300-400 grams per day of carbohydrates. Eat more foods with low sodium, such as coix seeds, rice, flour, zucchini, eggplant, cucumber, etc. Also eat more calcium-rich foods such as shrimp, more green leafy vegetables and potatoes, carrots, lettuce, etc. Avoid eating spinach, bamboo shoots, celery, beans that contain more oxalic acid or affect calcium absorption, and avoid eating mustard, chili, spices, pepper, coffee, etc. Eat less purine-containing foods, so as not to aggravate kidney damage by generating more uric acid. Do not advocate eating more eggs, 1 per day can be.
Second, chronic nephritis diet
1, cinnamon porridge
60 grams of cinnamon, 100 grams of round-grained rice, a little brown sugar. Astragalus cut into thin slices, clean japonica rice. Astragalus put into a pot, add water, boil with medium heat, remove the dregs to take the juice. Japonica rice into the pot, add the juice, water, with the fire mixed, turn to the fire cooked until the rice rotten into porridge. 2 times a day, 1 time in the morning and 1 time in the evening, for the elderly, swelling, chronic nephritis, physical weakness, but the red tongue is contraindicated.
2, ginger and date porridge
Fresh ginger 12 grams, 6 jujube, 90 grams of round-grained rice. Ginger washed and chopped, with dates, japonica rice porridge. 2 times a day, do breakfast and dinner to take, can be taken all year round. Selected for mild floating seeds, yellowish face.
3, black sesame poria porridge
Black sesame 6 grams, Poria 20 grams, 60 grams of round-grained rice. Poria chopped, put into the pot decoction, and then put black sesame japonica rice porridge that is ready. Take 2 times a day, morning and evening meals, for 15 days. Suitable for people with mental atrophy.
4.Double skin soup
50 grams of gourd shell, 30 grams of winter melon skin, 5 red dates. Add 400 ml of water and decoct to 150 ml, remove the residue and keep the juice. Take 1 dose daily until the swelling subsides.
5.Yam porridge
Dried yam 60g or fresh yam 120g, round-grained rice 60g. Wash and cut the yam into slices, and cook it together with japonica rice to make porridge. Take it twice a day, in the morning and dinner. It can be taken often, and it is advisable to warm the spleen and kidney, and to promote Yang and water.
6.Winter melon sand kernel soup
1000 grams of winter melon, 30 grams of sand nuts. Winter melon, sand nuts stewed together into soup. Take 1 dose every other day for 20 days, mainly to diuretic.
7.Turtle plate drink
30 grams of yam and 30 grams of tortoise board. First decoct the turtle plate for 2 hours, then add yam and yellow flowers to the same decoction, remove the residue and leave the juice. Take it twice a day, morning and evening, for 1 week. It is suitable for those who have little urine and swelling below the waist.
8.Carp porridge
2 carp, 60g of round-grained rice, 6g of fresh rutabaga. Remove the internal organs of the clean fish and wash it, then cook it into congee together with lamprey and japonica rice. Take it twice a day, in the morning and at dinner, for 20 days, it is advisable to warm the spleen and kidneys, pass the yang and benefit the water.
9.Gorgonzola congee
Gorgonians 30 grams, glutinous rice 30 grams, 10 white fruits. First net white fruit shell and core, the white fruit and gravy, glutinous rice together into porridge. Once a day, 10 days as a course of treatment, it is appropriate to calm the liver and submerge Yang, to fix the kidney.
10.Persimmon leaf sugar
Fresh persimmon leaves 1000g. Wash and chop the fresh persimmon leaves, add water and decoction, remove the residue and extract the juice, concentrate on low heat until thick. Add sugar to absorb the juice, dried and crushed, bottled and used. Take 15 grams 3 times a day, for those with mild swelling, lumbago and leg weakness, and night sweats.