Biological therapy for tumors – CIK therapy

DC-CIK biological immunotherapy is a beneficial treatment to stimulate autoimmunity against tumor. DC stands for Dendritic cell, which is the strongest antigen-presenting cell in the body, and CIK stands for Cytokine-activated killer cell, which is a tumor-killing cell that can directly kill tumor cells. DC+CIK combines the characteristics of fast-acting CIK and long-lasting DC efficacy to achieve the complementary advantages of both cells. The whole treatment process of “DC+CIK tumor biotherapy” is divided into three parts: peripheral blood mononuclear cell collection, in vitro induction and retransfusion. CIK cells, i.e. Cytokine-Induced Killer (CIK), are a new type of immunologically active cells with strong proliferation ability, cytotoxic effect and certain immunological properties. CIK cells in combination with DC cells are used for tumor bioimmunotherapy to utilize and stimulate the body’s immune response to fight, inhibit and kill cancer cells. Biological therapy mainly mobilizes the body’s natural anti-cancer ability and restores the balance of the body’s internal environment. Immunotherapy and gene therapy are both biologic therapies, and immunotherapy is the one that has been applied more often in clinical practice. Because the cells express both CD3 and CD56 membrane protein molecules, they are also known as NK cell (natural killer cell)-like T lymphocytes, which have both the powerful anti-tumor activity of T lymphocytes and the non-MMC-restricted tumor-killing advantage of NK cells. The cells have a strong ability to recognize tumor cells, like ” cellular missiles”, and can precisely ” point and shoot” tumor cells without harming ” innocent” normal cells. It is especially effective for patients after surgery or radiotherapy, eliminating residual tiny metastatic lesions, preventing the spread and recurrence of cancer cells, and improving the immunity of the body. CIK cells were first reported by biologists from Stanford University in 1991. They found that peripheral blood lymphocytes could be targeted to induce and proliferate into tumor-killing cells under the action of various cytokines (gamma interferon, CD3 monoclonal antibody, interleukin-1 and interleukin-2). CIK cells (cytokine-induced killer) are a heterogeneous group of cells obtained by co-culturing human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with various cytokines such as anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies, IL-2 and IFN-γ. CIK cells have both the anti-tumor activity of T lymphocytes and the non-MHC-restricted tumor-killing advantage of NK cells. CIK cells are considered to be the preferred cells for the next generation of antitumor pericyte immunotherapy. CIK cells are a new type of immunologically active cell, which is a type of CD3+ and CD56+ co-expressing highly cytotoxic cells (killer cells) produced from autologous peripheral blood single nucleus cells, co-induced by various cytokines. It was first developed by Stanford University in the United States and has both the powerful anti-tumor activity of T lymphocytes and the non-major tissue-associated complex (MHC) limiting tumor-killing characteristics of natural killer cells (NK), with a killing activity of 84.7%. 1.Single nucleated cells are collected from the patient’s peripheral blood and sent to a specialized GMP laboratory for in vitro culture and induction to obtain mature DC cells with tumor cell recognition ability and more active and lethal CIK cells; 2.These two cells are divided into 7 times and infused back to the patient as if they were on a drip, and they are used to specifically kill tumor cells, safe and without toxic side effects; 3.Initiates the human immune system to kill tumor cells. 3, start the human immune mechanism, improve the immunity of the human body, effectively remove the residual tumor cells in the patient’s body metastasis of microscopic lesions, to control tumor growth, prevent tumor recurrence, metastasis and deterioration of the purpose, and achieve the multiple goals of prolonging the patient’s survival, rapid improvement of the patient’s quality of life. Characteristics of CIK cells 1, rapid proliferation; 2, high tumor-killing activity, and has a strong anti-tumor activity of T lymphocytes killing activity up to 84.7%; 3, a wide spectrum of tumor killing, and has the advantages of non-MHC-restricted tumor killing NK cells; 4, rich cell sources: normal or patient bone marrow or peripheral blood single nuclei can be induced to obtain CIK cells; 5, multi-drug resistant tumor cells are also Sensitive to multi-drug resistant tumor cells; 6, tumor killing activity is not affected by CsA, FK506 and other immunosuppressants; 7, no toxicity to normal bone marrow hematopoietic precursor cells; 8, can resist tumor cell-induced apoptosis of effector cells Fas-FasL. CIK cell tumor-killing effect characteristics 1, can quickly perform the function of killing tumor cells, its anti-tumor effect can last from 2 weeks to 1 month; 2, through the activation of the entire immune network, adjust the host’s defense mechanism, to control tumor growth and even make it subside; 3, part of the memory cells in vitro also got expanded, once encountered with new tumor cells appear, can be quickly activated in vivo, to Kill the target cells. Indications for CIK therapy 1.Patients after surgery to prevent tumor metastasis; 2.Part of comprehensive tumor treatment, such as in the interval of chemotherapy treatment or in the process of local radiotherapy combined with autoimmune cell therapy; 3.Patients who cannot undergo surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy; 4.Patients who failed in radiotherapy, chemotherapy; 5.Patients with cancerous pleural or abdominal effusion. Contraindications to CIK therapy 1.Cytokine allergy; 2.T-cell lymphoma patients should be contraindicated; 3.Patients with uncontrollable severe infection; 4.Patients with advanced tumor causing cachexia and low peripheral blood picture. DC-CIK treatment protocol: It is to extract the patient’s own peripheral blood and culture it in vitro for two weeks, then transfuse it back to the patient in seven times (once every other day).