Osteoarthritis refers to a joint disease caused by a variety of factors that lead to fibrosis, cracking, ulceration, and loss of articular cartilage. The etiology is not clear, and its occurrence is related to age, obesity, inflammation, trauma, and genetic factors. Its pathology is characterized by degenerative destruction of articular cartilage, subchondral osteosclerosis or cystic changes, osteophytes at the joint edges, synovial hyperplasia, joint capsule contracture, muscle atrophy and weakness, etc. Jiang Yinghai, Department of Pain, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital
Osteoarthritis is more common in middle-aged and elderly patients, more women than men, with a prevalence of up to 50% in people over 60 years old and 80% in people over 75 years old. The disability rate of the disease can be as high as 53%. Osteoarthritis occurs in joints that are heavily loaded and active, such as the knee, spine (cervical and lumbar spine), hip, ankle, and hand joints.