Surgery for pancreatic pseudocysts includes internal drainage, external drainage and endoscopic therapeutic surgery, all of which are not considered major surgery. Pancreatic pseudocysts are a complication of pancreatic injury. Pancreatic pseudocysts that are smaller than 6cm and have no symptoms or complications can be left in place for the time being, waiting for them to absorb on their own. If the wall of the cyst is mature, or symptoms and complications occur, surgery can be chosen. Surgical procedures include internal drainage, external drainage and endoscopic treatment, none of which are considered major surgery. Internal drainage is to anastomose the pseudocyst to the gastrointestinal tract, which is the most commonly used method at present; external drainage is suitable for those who have a single compartment, or whose cyst is rapidly increasing and may rupture or become infected, which is simple, safe and easy to perform; and endoscopic therapy is to place a tube under the guidance of ultrasonic endoscopy, which is not a complicated procedure. Pancreatic pseudocysts that require surgery should be treated in a regular hospital in a timely manner and performed by experienced physicians.