Enhanced CT can identify lymph nodes and thymoma, which can be differentiated according to the different manifestations of enhanced scanning, different morphology, density, and different locations. Under enhanced CT, thymoma can be seen in the anterosuperior mediastinum, single, irregular soft tissue shadow, uneven density, and generally larger in size; lymph nodes are smaller in size, mainly distributed in the edge of the thymus, para-aortic, single or multiple, with more uniform density. Enhanced CT can also determine the boundaries of the tumor and the relationship between the tumor and the surrounding tissues. It can determine whether invasion of the surrounding tissues has occurred. Enhanced CT is more accurate in determining benign tumors and is able to distinguish between lymph nodes or thymoma. Once a thymoma is diagnosed, it is important to seek prompt medical attention and early surgical treatment. In the case of malignant thymoma, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are also required after surgery.