The conversion of atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter is not definitively better, only a change in the form of the arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter are both supraventricular arrhythmias with a similar pathogenesis. Atrial fibrillation is a disorganized atrial arrhythmia, while atrial flutter has a slightly more organized rhythm than atrial fibrillation. Both atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter lead to a decrease in the heart’s ejection function, an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption, and an increased risk of arterial embolism. A change from atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter is not seen as an improvement. It is important to proactively look for the cause of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter and treat the primary disease. Patients with acute atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter should be given medications such as propafenone and amiodarone to restore sinus rhythm. Patients who are unable to restore sinus rhythm are given metoprolol to control ventricular rate and oral anticoagulation with rivaroxaban to prevent arterial embolism. Patients with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter should go to the hospital in time and be treated under the guidance of a physician.