What the common people call “waist wrapping dragon” is actually a viral infection of the skin, which is commonly known as “herpes zoster” in our medicine. In Chinese medicine, it is known as “tangle waist fire dragon”, “tangle waist fire dan”, commonly known as “spider sores”, “snake gall sores”. It is a disease caused by varicella-zoster virus (varicalla-zostervirus, VZV). It occurs mostly in adults and presents clinically as clusters of blisters distributed in bands around one side of the body, with significant neuralgia and localized lymph node enlargement. Herpes zoster is a fast-growing, painful condition that some people fear because it is like a dragon or snake wrapped around the body. Herpes zoster has a rapid onset and may be painful early in the course of the disease, with the pain gradually increasing and blisters appearing on the skin. The skin damage is distributed unilaterally along one of the peripheral nerves and does not usually exceed the midline of the body, much less form a circle. Therefore, the argument that the “waist wrapping dragon” will kill people if they go around the waist is not valid and has no scientific basis. Herpes zoster is common in people over 50 years of age and can occur in the chest, limbs, neck, ears, nose, eyes and mouth, in addition to the waist and abdomen. In a few severe cases, herpes zoster meningoencephalitis and herpes zoster of the gastrointestinal or urinary tract can occur. It can be transmitted through direct contact with skin lesions and through the respiratory tract. Because childhood varicella and herpes zoster are the same pathogen, they are particularly likely to be transmitted to children who have not been vaccinated against chickenpox. Healthy children can have a positive serum antibody conversion rate of more than 90% after one dose of varicella attenuated vaccine, so they are basically immune to infection if they have been vaccinated. Most adults are immune, and even if they are exposed to it, they will not develop it and do not need special isolation. In addition, it is important to pay attention to ventilation at home, and those who are in close contact with patients should get good rest and avoid overwork, alcoholism and cold. Paying more attention to rest, drinking more water, eating more fresh vegetables and fruits, and strengthening physical exercise to improve resistance is the key to preventing the onset of shingles. Herpes zoster rarely recurs, which means that a person only gets it once in a lifetime, and it usually recovers well with timely treatment. However, if the virus attacks certain specific areas, it can easily cause complications, such as tinnitus, deafness, and facial nerve paralysis when it attacks the auditory and facial nerves. Therefore, it is important for patients to receive timely and proper antiviral treatment. During the treatment period, extra care should be taken to keep the wound clean and not to break the blisters deliberately to avoid secondary bacterial infections. Also, do not wear clothing that is too tight, as this may rub the blisters and increase the chance of bacterial infection as well as aggravate the patient’s painful sensation. In the early stage of the lesion, antiviral drugs can be given in time to stop the reproduction of the virus, shorten the course of the disease, and reduce neuralgia. In addition, nerve-nourishing drugs such as vitamin B12 and vitamin B13 can be used to repair the nerves injured by the virus to avoid the sequelae of neuralgia. Ultraviolet radiation, helium-neon laser irradiation, and semiconductor laser treatment are also available to relieve pain. If shingles is left untreated or improperly treated, a few patients with poor health may still have neuralgia after the rash subsides. This pain can last for many months and cause suffering to the patient. Therefore, patients suffering from this disease must be treated as early as possible, as this is the only way to reduce the extent of the damage caused by the disease to our body.