The nail cap, also known as the nail bed, is formed as a result of the proliferation and keratinization of the nail root’s methyl plasmacytoid cells.
Nails are skin derivatives that include the nail plate, nail bed, nail grooves, nail folds, nail root, and the nail hypodermis, among other structures, of which the nail plate is a keratinized methyl plasmacytoid cell. The nail plate is a type of keratinized methylated cells, which are mainly located at the root of the nail, and gradually cross the nail bed to form the nail plate through continuous proliferation and keratinization.
The nail bed and the rich blood vessels at the root of the nail can provide nutrients for the growth of the nail plate, and the nail bed can also control the growth direction of the nail, which may lead to abnormal nail growth when the nail bed is damaged.
The main function of the nail plate is to protect the skin of the fingertips from damage during life or at work.