Adenomyosis results when normal endometrial cells invade the myometrium and grow in the myometrium. Adenomyosis is a painful condition because patients often have to decide and accept the harsh reality of having their uterus removed after months and years of agonizing pain. Although the classic treatment for adenomyosis is hysterectomy. However, with the improvement of diagnosis and the change of doctors’ and patients’ concepts, especially in recent years, with the development of society and the delay of women’s age of marriage and childbearing, more and more patients are asking to preserve the integrity of the uterus and fertility, which poses a new challenge to the treatment, and the new conservative treatments, which make the desire of preserving the uterus possible. At present, among the various conservative treatments for adenomyosis, drug therapy (including intrauterine placement of the Mannix drug ring) is mainly symptomatic, and the drug makes the ectopic glands shrink to achieve the purpose of relieving or eliminating the clinical symptoms, which is simple and easy to implement, but with more side effects and a high rate of recurrence after discontinuation of the drug. Vascular interventional methods are more effective, but the operation technique is more demanding, and it is not suitable for those who have fertility requirements. Ultrasound-guided microwave, radiofrequency or focused ultrasound in-situ thermal ablation of such treatments, the literature reports less, but the current study is still relatively shallow, for the treatment mechanism, access, treatment power and time and lesion size, blood supply relationship of the study is still unclear, reported the lack of literature of large samples of the treatment and postoperative follow-up observation of the summary of the report, which are to be continued in-depth clinical research. Conservative surgery, such as partial hysterectomy or lesion resection only, is a mature technique and is considered to be one of the best ways to treat this disease at present. At present, there are several different conservative surgical treatments in the clinic as follows, and depending on the patient’s specific situation and requirements, one or two of the combined best methods can be chosen. The first: open uterine adenomyosis reduction. The surgery removes all lesions and preserves the uterus as much as possible. It is now only indicated for patients with a large uterus, diffuse lesions, difficult to perform laparoscopically, or with fertility requirements. Because open surgery is more traumatic to the patient’s body, and the postoperative hospitalization time is long, postoperative recovery is slow, and the incidence of pelvic and abdominal adhesions and other diseases in the long term is high, it is no longer able to adapt to the needs of the new situation. The second type: laparoscopic reduction surgery for adenomyosis, with its advantages of small trauma, fast recovery, low postoperative morbidity, low incidence of distant pelvic-abdominal adhesions and other diseases, has been more and more widely used in the clinic. The biggest challenge of decompression surgery is the reduction of uterine cavity volume and scar tissue formation in the long term. Although the procedure preserves reproductive function, miscarriages and uterine ruptures have been reported in subsequent pregnancies. Therefore, once pregnancy is achieved, the need for close monitoring throughout pregnancy to prevent uterine rupture is emphasized. Due to the difficulty of laparoscopic suturing, the healing of the uterine scar site is not as good as that of open surgery, therefore, for patients who still have the requirement of childbearing, laparoscopic reduction should still be done with caution, and if necessary, open surgery is preferred. The third type: hysteroscopic adenomyosis and endometrial electrosurgery, this method is suitable for patients without fertility requirements. Usually under the supervision of B ultrasound through the hysteroscope on the lesion area of the endometrium and lesions of the myometrium to carry out focal or all the electrosurgery. Due to the limitation of the characteristics of the electrocutaneous resection by hysteroscopy which is the cutting motion curve of the electrocutaneous resection ring, the area of the endometrial defect is large and the depth of resection is limited, which is suitable for the patients whose lesion occurs from the endometrium to the myometrium, and the depth of infiltration of the lesion from the endometrium to the myometrium is <62.5px. The uterine adenomyosis has a wide range of lesions, and it is an estrogen-dependent disease, and the conservative surgery only resects a large portion of the lesion in most cases, and the uterine arteries are combined with uterine arterial The combination of intraoperative uterine artery ligation, which causes myometrial ischemia and hypoxia, as well as ischemia, hypoxia, and acute necrosis of the residual ectopic endometrium that has invaded the myometrium, results in the shrinkage or even disappearance of the myometrial foci of adenomyosis. In addition, surgery does not remove the causative factors of adenomyosis, and after surgery, medication can be used according to the patient's age and needs to reduce the probability of recurrence. In conclusion, how to choose a reasonable treatment has a close relationship with the patient's age, fertility requirements, combined symptoms or the degree of lesions. No matter what kind of treatment, uterus preservation will be more and more favored and concerned by the majority of patients and medical workers.