Osteoarthritis of the knee joint, which occurs in the elderly, is a degenerative joint disease with complex causative factors, and it is difficult to effectively control the development of the disease by relying solely on medication or surgical treatment. Avoid climbing (going up or down steps), avoid any activities that aggravate knee pain, and reduce weight in overweight patients. Exercise guidance Appropriate exercise not only relieves knee pain and stiffness, but also increases mobility and improves quality of life. Exercises suitable for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee include muscle strengthening exercises, aerobic exercises and muscle tension training. Strengthening muscle training: Patients with knee osteoarthritis often have weak knee extension muscles (quadriceps), which reduces the protection of the knee joint and accelerates the progression of the disease, so it is necessary to perform quadriceps muscle training in the following ways: Method 1: quadriceps isometric muscle training, suitable for patients with severe knee pain or local inflammatory reactions such as redness, swelling and fever in the knee joint. Lie flat, straighten the leg, hook the foot, put the back of the knee close to the bed, maintain for a few seconds and then relax, repeat until there is a slight fatigue, increase the number of times day by day. Method 2: Quadriceps isotonic strength training for chronic patients with no significant local inflammatory manifestations in the knee joint. Hold an under-inflated ball (or soft pillow) on the inside of the knee, weight balanced bilaterally, slowly squat, and relax after slowly tightening the ball in a light squatting position, repeat the movement until there is a mild fatigue in the front of the inner thigh, and increase the number of exercises day by day. Method 3: Quadriceps progressive resistance muscle training, suitable for patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis who do not have severe knee pain. Sit in a chair, need to exercise side of the ankle tied to a moderate weight of sandbags, efforts to straighten the knee, and hold for a few seconds and then slowly put down, repeat the action until the front of the thigh has a mild fatigue, gradually increase the weight of the sandbag and the number of exercises. Aerobic training: aerobic training usually refers to low-moderate exercise intensity and long duration of endurance sports. You can walk, jogging, cycling, swimming, etc. according to your own preferences. The principle is not to cause or aggravate pain. Muscle distraction exercises: Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee often have limited range of motion in knee flexion and/or extension. Local distraction therapy can be performed according to the following methods. Method 1: Prone position, bring the calf close to the hip until the front of the thigh feels pulled tight and there is no pain → maintain for 10-15 seconds → relax for 10 seconds → repeat 10-20 times. Method 2: Sitting on a chair, actively bend the knee to the maximum range → cross your hands and hold the front of the calf slowly and forcefully pull back → until the front of the knee feels pulled tight, and there is no pain → maintain 10-15 seconds → relax for 10 seconds → repeat 10-20 times. 2, posterior thigh muscle tension Method 1: Sitting on a chair, straighten one leg until the rear of the thigh feels pulled tight, and there is no pain → maintain 10-15 seconds → relax for 10 seconds → repeat 10-20 times. Method 2: Sit on a chair, place a chair in front of you → put the lower limb of the stretched side on the chair in front of you → straighten your knee actively → then press your thighs with both hands slowly and forcefully → until you feel the back of your thighs being stretched and there is no pain → maintain for 10-15 seconds → relax for 10 seconds → repeat for 10-20 times.