Who is the culprit of hemoptysis? According to statistics, there are many diseases that cause hemoptysis in medicine, the most common ones are lung cancer, bronchiectasis and tuberculosis. Hemoptysis is a common symptom of lung cancer. Lung cancer foci are rich in blood transport and often have blood in sputum or hemoptysis due to the rupture of blood vessels caused by ulceration of damaged mucous membrane surface. If hemoptysis occurs suddenly and keeps on, it will bring great mental stress and fear to the patient, and friends and family members are also worried about it and sometimes they do not know what to do. What should be done in time? Patients with small amount of hemoptysis can be treated with oral Chinese medicine to stop the bleeding, and if necessary, hemostatic drugs can be used according to medical advice. Large hemoptysis can lead to shock, blockage of the airway by blood clots and asphyxia, and even endanger the life of the patient. In this case, the patient should first be made to lie down and rest with the head tilted to the side so that the blood can flow smoothly and prevent obstruction of the airway, while seeking help from a doctor in time. Bronchiectasis [abbreviated as bronchiectasis] is a common disease, mostly seen in children and adolescents, often traced to a childhood history of measles, whooping cough, or bronchopneumonia. The typical symptoms of bronchiectasis are three: first, chronic cough, second, large amount of pus sputum, and third, recurrent hemoptysis. It can be described by the song “Cough, cough, cough, bend your neck and sing to the sky, sputum, sputum, sputum, big pearls and small pearls fall into the jade tray”. The cough and sputum are most obvious when the position changes (such as when waking up or after going to bed), and the volume of sputum can be more than 100 ml per day, which is yellow-green and pus-like, and sometimes has a foul odor that makes people smell and stay away from it. If you are interested, collect sputum all day long and place it in a glass bottle with water, and after a few hours you can see an underwater spectacle: foam on the surface of the water, suspended purulent secretions underneath, as if covered by floating duckweed, and necrotic tissue sediment underneath, as if underwater deposits and organisms. If there is repeated secondary infection, it can cause systemic toxicity symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, loss of appetite, emaciation, anemia, etc. Tuberculosis mostly causes hemoptysis due to tuberculosis cavities invading blood vessels, and hemoptysis is also one of the main symptoms of tuberculosis. At present, the treatment of hemoptysis is mainly to treat the primary disease, stop the hemorrhage, prevent and control complications, and maintain the patient’s vital functions according to the patient’s condition. Different hemostatic drugs are used according to the patient’s specific condition. Regardless of the cause of hemoptysis, when conservative treatment is ineffective, surgery is the main method to treat the primary disease. At present, the Department of Thoracic Surgery of our hospital uses imported Olympus fibrinoscope to make a clear diagnosis, and adopts the advanced technology of combining microscopic hemostasis and surgical resection of diseased lung, and has successfully rescued many patients with massive hemoptysis and brought them back to life, which is a blessing to the majority of patients.