For bilirubin encephalopathy, if the bilirubin is detected early and the child is treated with blue light irradiation and oxygen therapy on the same day the bilirubin is detected, there are usually no sequelae and early and timely treatment is of great importance for the recovery of this disease. If bilirubin is found to be elevated late or for a longer period of time, bilirubin can break through the blood-brain barrier and damage the brain parenchyma, causing a reduction or loss of hearing, a delay in the development of the child’s nervous system, and a decrease in the motor coordination of the child’s limbs. In the latter case, it is necessary to actively treat the primary disease and treat the complications at the same time. After the child has recovered, hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be considered as well as the administration of nutritional drugs or physical therapy to train the child’s limb coordination.