Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the most common clinical thrombocytopenic disorder, a bleeding disorder due to increased platelet destruction mediated by immune mechanisms. Incidence: 1/10,000, more women than men, about 2-3:1. Clinical features Extensive bleeding in the skin mucosa, reduced platelet count and shortened lifespan, impaired maturation of megakaryocytes, and appearance of anti-platelet autoantibodies. Clinical manifestations Clinical manifestations are divided into acute type and chronic type. Acute type: common in children, rapid onset, 1-2 weeks before the onset of respiratory infections, especially viral infections, may be accompanied by chills, chills, fever; skin and mucosal bleeding is most common, platelets are <20×109/L. Chronic type: most common in young women, insidious onset, light and limited skin and mucosal bleeding, excessive menstruation is more common, platelets <50×109/L. Treatment General treatment: Bed rest, prevention of infection, avoid trauma, if there is no clear bleeding tendency, platelets >30, can be with observation. Glucocorticoids are the first choice of medication. Second-line treatment options include splenectomy, other immunosuppressive drugs and the B-cell clearance drug rituximab, mainly for patients for whom glucocorticoid therapy is ineffective for 3-6 months, or for whom glucocorticoids are contraindicated.