A woman’s ability to conceive is linked to the man, who provides the sperm.
The main factors that contribute to a woman’s pregnancy include the woman’s factors, the man’s factors and environmental factors. The woman provides the egg, the man provides the sperm, and the sperm and egg combine to form a fertilized egg that can lead to a woman’s pregnancy. During this process, the sperm needs to go through sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction, and zona pellucida reaction to form a fertilized egg.
After the semen enters the female reproductive tract, the sperm leaves the semen and enters the tubal cavity through the cervical canal and the uterine cavity. During this process, the acrosomal glycoprotein on the surface of the sperm is degraded by the amylase enzyme in the secretions of the reproductive tract, and at the same time, the membrane potential in the acrosomal membrane changes to reduce the stability of the acrosomal membrane, which is known as sperm capacitation.
When an energized spermatozoon meets an ovum discharged from a woman, the acrosomal membrane of the spermatozoon ruptures and releases acrosomal enzymes, which dissolve the radial crown and zona pellucida at the periphery of the ovum, which is known as the acrosomal reaction.
Only the sperm that undergoes the acrosome reaction can fuse with the oocyte and cause the structure of the zona pellucida on the surface of the oocyte to change, preventing other sperm from entering the zona pellucida in a process known as the zona pellucida reaction, which is followed by the entry of the sperm into the egg to form a fertilized egg.
The man’s provision of sperm is integral to the woman’s ability to conceive. For more information, it is recommended that you consult a specialist textbook or consult a specialist at your clinic.