Radical neck dissection (RND) has been the basic surgical treatment for cervical lymphatic metastases of head and neck tumors for more than 100 years since it was first reported by Crile in 1906. Even nowadays, when there are many options for tumor treatment, cervical lymphadenectomy is still recognized as the first choice for the treatment of cervical lymphatic metastases of head and neck tumors.With the continuous summarization of the law of cervical lymphatic metastasis of head and neck tumors and clinical experience over the past 100 years, Crile’s classic radical cervical lymphadenectomy has also been improved, and a number of modified cervical lymphadenectomy procedures have been produced to adapt to different clinical situations. the choice of different clinical situations. According to the current reports and research results, how to choose the surgical modality of cervical lymphadenectomy for oral and maxillofacial-head and neck cancer is summarized as follows for your reference. Radical cervical lymphadenectomy: It is applicable to all oral and maxillofacial-head and neck tumors with cervical lymph node metastasis and extraperitoneal invasion involving sternocleidomastoid muscle, internal jugular vein and parasympathetic nerve at the same time. 2.Modified radical cervical lymphadenectomy: It is suitable for all patients with oral and maxillofacial-head and neck tumors of stage cN2 and cN3, when the cervical lymph nodes have undergone extraperitoneal invasion but have not involved the sternocleidomastoid muscle, internal jugular vein, and parasympathetic nerves at the same time, and the uninvolved organs will be preserved. 3.Selective cervical lymphadenectomy (SND): SND was initially generalized to patients with oral-maxillofacial-head and neck tumors in stage cN0, and elective surgery was performed according to the site of their primary foci. However, with the development of adjuvant treatments such as radiotherapy, many scholars are now expanding its utilization to cN1 and even some cN2 stage patients. Whether performing SND surgery on cN+ patients affects their radicality is currently controversial. The indications for each subtype of SND surgery are summarized as follows: (1) Suprascapular hyoid cervical lymphadenectomy: It is currently recognized that SND is mainly applicable to patients with oral and maxillofacial cN0 stage cancer. In recent years, many scholars have also used SOND for the treatment of patients with cN+ stage, but it is still controversial, and both supporters and opponents have their own clinical data to support it, which needs to be further studied. Since tongue cancer often “jumps” to cervical lymphoma IV, it is now recognized that SOND should be routinely expanded and combined with cervical lymphoma IV for tongue cancer. (2) Lateral cervical lymphatic dissection: it is suitable for cN0 stage laryngeal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer and hypopharyngeal cancer. Whether it is suitable for N+ stage laryngeal, oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers is still controversial. (3) Posterior lateral cervical lymphatic dissection: mainly used for cN0 stage malignant tumors with primary foci located in the retroauricular, occipital and posterior cervical regions. (4) Anterior interspace cervical lymphadenectomy: mainly used for cN0 stage thyroid cancer and subacoustic cancer. (4) Expanded radical cervical lymphadenectomy: used for all advanced patients with head and neck tumors that have developed neck metastases, and patients who need to remove one or more lymph node clusters and/or non-lymphatic structures outside the range of RND in order to obtain negative margins.