Urinary ketone bodies are an umbrella term for three different components, which are acetone, acetoacetic acid and beta hydroxybutyric acid. Ketone bodies are intermediate products of fat metabolism in the body and are produced minimally under normal conditions. Urinary ketone bodies are determined to be negative in normal people, and positive urinary ketones in clinical practice are commonly found in the following two conditions: 1. Diabetic ketosis or diabetic ketoacidosis: serious disorders of glucose metabolism occur in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control, and the body breaks down glucose to provide energy, thus breaking down fat for energy and producing large amounts of ketone bodies, resulting in a rate of ketone body production greater than the rate of tissue utilization, and the body develops ketonemia, which in turn leads to Ketonuria, urine ketone body and urine glucose are positive, need to go to the hospital in time; 2, starvation ketone body: seen in a longer period of starvation, resulting in insufficient energy intake, the body mobilizes the body’s fat and protein decomposition to provide energy, so that the metabolites of ketones increase, urine ketone body measurement is positive, urine glucose measurement is negative.