Patients with radical breast cancer have anxiety and depression before and after surgery, and their postoperative anxiety and depression are more severe than their preoperative psychological state. Before surgery, most patients think that “surgery is a fearful treatment”, although they are prepared, they have strong reactions before surgery. Patients repeatedly ask the medical staff such questions as “how long will I live and will the surgery hurt? Patients suffer from pain and despair due to the fear of cancer, their appetite decreases and they even go on a hunger strike, their self-control decreases and their biological rhythm is disturbed. In addition to the life-threatening fear of malignant tumors, patients also fear that surgery will destroy the integrity of their secondary female sex characteristics, due to the lack of a comprehensive and correct understanding of the tumor. When breast cancer is confirmed after surgery, patients may think that cancer is a “terminal illness” and even consider themselves as “people sentenced to death with a stay of execution”; the change of breast shape caused by surgery affects the beauty of women and causes anxiety and depression. The pain caused by the surgery also brings huge psychological pressure to the patients; some patients are worried that the surgery and the expensive medical expenses will bring huge burden to their families, so they are silent, anxious and depressed all the time. All of these are important causes of anxiety and depression for patients after radical breast cancer surgery.