Due to the consumption of tumor and the lack of intake caused by loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy, lung cancer patients should arrange their diet with the principles of high protein, high calorie, easy digestion and low fat during chemotherapy. From the perspective of modern nutrition, the protein nutritional value and calories of various kinds of meat and fish are high, and the staple food should be coarse and fine, and should be diversified. Eat more corn, black beans, black sesame, peanuts, millet, black rice and other foods with high nutritional value. Eat more vegetables and fruits because they contain essential nutrients, especially various vitamins and fiber, such as cabbage, cauliflower, white radish, rape, shiitake mushroom, silver fungus, apple, pear, date, A monkey, citrus, etc. If there is loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy, add hawthorn, white lentils, white radish, fresh rutabaga, fresh lotus root, ginger juice, barley, Chen Pi, etc., boil porridge and take it frequently to strengthen the spleen and appetite, lower the rebellion and stop vomiting. If there is a drop in blood count, use jujube, longan meat, animal liver, black chicken meat, duck meat, turtle meat, etc. as appropriate in the diet.
1, from the point of view of nutrition supply, should meet the requirements of high protein, vitamin-rich, adequate calories. Chemotherapy patients are poor appetite, and nausea, vomiting and other reactions, diet to thin and soft easy to digest, a small number of meals is better, if the amount of food is not enough, can be supplemented by infusion of glucose, vitamins, amino acids, if necessary, to give albumin.
2, meal time should avoid the peak time of chemotherapy drug effects. If intravenous chemotherapy drugs, it is best to do so on an empty stomach, because there may be nausea and vomiting after giving high concentrations of chemotherapy drugs through the vein, and an empty stomach can reduce nausea and vomiting and other symptoms. If oral chemotherapy drugs, may have a certain stimulating effect on the stomach, to take after meals is better, in the drug after 2 to 3 hours after absorption into the blood, its concentration reached the highest, even if there is a gastrointestinal reaction is also fasting state, the symptoms will be much lighter.
3, change the recipe, change the cooking method: a new food can promote appetite, for example, patients who often eat pork-based food can be replaced by eating fish, shrimp, crab, chicken, etc., and some turtles and snappers if possible. Changing the cooking method so that the food has a different color and flavor can also increase appetite. But no matter what kind of food, cooking must reach the degree of food is relatively cooked and rotten, in order to be smoothly digested and absorbed.
4, the appetite and spleen: ① hawthorn diced meat: hawthorn 100g, lean pork (or beef) 1000g, vegetable oil 250g, and mushrooms, ginger, onion, pepper, wine, monosodium glutamate, sugar
Each appropriate amount. First cut the lean meat into slices, oil explosion, and then use the hawthorn seasoning fontanel and burn dry, can be eaten. Can both appetite and anti-cancer. ② Astragalus yam soup: 30g of astragalus, add water and boil for half an hour, remove the dregs, add 60g of yam, boil for 30 minutes, add sugar (add honey if constipated) that is. Take once a day in the morning and once in the evening. It has the effect of benefiting the blood, increasing appetite and improving the absorption function of the stomach and intestines.
5, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits with high vitamin content: such foods can not only increase resistance, but also increase appetite. Some patients believe that raw and cold food should be avoided, but the fruit and vegetable category should be treated as appropriate. In the early postoperative period, vegetable juice and a small amount of easily digestible fruits can be eaten, and the amount should not be too much each time, and should be small and multiple meals. After the basic recovery of gastrointestinal function, you can eat some light and refreshing raw cold vegetables and fruits, especially during chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which have obvious appetizing effect.
6.Exchange of dietary experience among patients: Exchange of dietary experience among patients can not only complement each other, but also help increase appetite, which is very necessary for cancer patients.
Chemotherapy is one of the important means to treat lung cancer. While killing cancer cells, chemotherapy will also kill normal cells, and gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal distension are the most common and sad toxic side effects of chemotherapy. Therefore, diet regulation during chemotherapy is very important. A reasonable diet arrangement during lung cancer chemotherapy can not only reduce these gastrointestinal reactions, but also adjust the general state of the body to ensure the smooth progress of chemotherapy.
How to regulate diet during lung cancer chemotherapy, the following points should be noted.
1. It is advisable to adopt light and refreshing food with less oil or no oil or some acidic food, which can play an appetizing role. Avoid eating spicy, fried, greasy, pickled and smoked foods.
2, eat less and more meals, avoid overfull, in addition to the three meals can increase the volume of small calorie high nutrient-rich food, such as chocolate, egg products. Eat more vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C and vitamin A, such as tomatoes, hawthorn, oranges, etc.
3, keep the indoor air fresh, avoid contact with odors that can cause discomfort such as cigarettes, perfume, disinfectants and other odors. Ice chips or mints and other cool snacks can be taken by mouth before eating.
4, fully hydrate, advocate a small number of times to drink water, appropriate tea.
5.Sit up to eat and drink as much as possible, try to talk to others or take deep breaths while eating, and encourage family members to accompany you.
6.Overcome fear and insist on eating even with nausea and vomiting.
Patients with lung cancer often have more serious toxic reactions during chemotherapy, such as gastrointestinal reactions, blood routine, abnormal liver and kidney functions, which bring great pain to patients and even affect the normal progress of chemotherapy. In addition to the necessary drug prevention, diet therapy is a very important aspect in clinical practice.
The following is a categorized list of dietary modifications and methods for toxic reactions to chemotherapy.
1.Dietary regulation for declining blood picture
Chemotherapy for lung cancer can cause poor bone marrow regeneration, especially the decline of white blood cells, which is the most obvious. In order to effectively prevent the decline of blood image, patients should supplement high protein diet during chemotherapy, such as milk, soybeans, lean meat, pig’s feet, sea cucumber, fish, animal liver and red dates, peanuts, walnuts, black fungus, carrots, adzuki beans, etc. River crab, black fish, beef, animal boiled gum peptones such as donkey skin gum (Agaricus blazei), pig skin gum (Pork skin peptones), etc. also help to raise white blood cells. Chinese medicine attaches the most importance to the use of dirty to supplement dirty, so during chemotherapy, you can also increase the amount of animal bone marrow, such as the bone marrow of cattle, kind, pig stewed and scalded, or diet made from chicken blood, duck blood, goose blood, pig blood. You can also eat more five black food, such as black sesame, black rice, black beans, black dates, etc. Chinese medicine believes that “black can enter the kidney”, five black food can nourish the kidney and fill the marrow, which can help improve the blood picture.
2.Dietary regulation for toxic reaction of digestive tract
Chemotherapy of lung cancer can cause oral mucositis, which is manifested as mucosal congestion, edema, ulceration and pain. At this time, it is necessary to keep the oral cavity clean, brush the teeth after eating, and supplement high nutritious liquid or runny diet, such as lotus seed soup, snow ear soup, milk, soybean milk, carp soup and so on. Avoid overheating, acidity and stimulating diet when eating, acute inflammation can contain ice fast to reduce inflammatory exudation, ulcers can be used 20 ml of honey with 0.1 grams of crushed vitamin C, oral, 2-4 times a day. Chemotherapy damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, poor nausea, etc.. At this time, you can eat appetizing food, such as hawthorn, lentils, yam, white radish, mushrooms, etc. At the same time, eat less and more meals to avoid the feeling of satiety. Eat to chew slowly, do not lie down 1 hour after the meal, you can spread, do not eat water 1 hour before chemotherapy, eat such as nausea and vomiting can be taken orally fresh ginger juice 3 ~ 5 ml.
3, dietary conditioning and prevention of liver and kidney injury
Some chemotherapy drugs can cause liver damage and elevated transaminases. At this time, you should eat more bitter melon, mung bean sprouts, tea, shiitake mushrooms, wood ear, monkey mushrooms and other mushroom food, eat more vitamin-rich fruits, such as A monkey peach, peach, apple, grapes, etc., drink more green tea, oolong tea, honey water. If the liver function is seriously damaged, you can stew carp soup with 20 grams of Wu Wei Zi and 20 grams of Chinese wolfberry. Some chemotherapy drugs can also cause kidney damage, such as cisplatin. Clinically, drink more water and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits (alkaline food) when using such drugs. Once kidney injury occurs, protein intake should be limited, and less salt should be eaten in combination with edema. Eat more animal kidney, oyster fish, spinach and red amaranth, and also eat more water-rich and diuretic foods, such as watermelon, cucumber, winter melon and loofah.
The National Cancer Institute in the United States in the “Diet? Nutrition? Cancer”, the National Cancer Institute has put forward six recommendations for cancer prevention diet, which are worthy of our reference.
1. Reduce the intake of fat The intake of fat should be less than 30% of total calories. A large amount of fat and sugar will cause endocrine disorders and increase hormone secretion, and too much hormone will cause malignant tumor under certain conditions. High-fat diet is especially related to breast tumor and prostate cancer.
2.Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits These foods are rich in carotene and vitamin C, which can reduce the risk of digestive tract tumors.
Avoid pickled and smoked products This kind of food contains a large amount of nitrite, which can be transformed into strong carcinogenic nitrosamines under certain conditions. Long-term consumption is likely to induce esophageal cancer and stomach cancer.
Most of the carcinogens come from pollution. Food additives, pesticides, pesticides and other chemicals used by people or molds produced by mildew can form carcinogenic substances, which can easily contaminate food.
5.Reducing the content of mutation factors in food The mutation factors in food have carcinogenic risks, some are naturally generated in food, some are generated in cooking, especially in the process of fire stewing or high heat treatment of food. Remind people that food production should be scientific.
6.Avoid excessive smoking and alcoholism Smoking is prone to lung cancer; excessive drinking is prone to colorectal cancer, alcohol-induced cirrhosis is prone to liver cancer; both smokers and alcoholics are prone to oral, laryngeal, esophageal and respiratory tumors.