Surgery for cystic degeneration of thyroid adenoma usually involves anesthesia, incision, separation of surrounding tissues, removal of lobes or adenomas, and hemostatic suturing. Large thyroid adenomas may develop cystic changes and are usually treated with lobectomy, but partial resection may be performed for smaller adenomas that develop cystic changes. General anesthesia is often needed for the surgery. For open surgery, the skin, subcutaneous tissue and the cervical latissimus dorsi muscle can be incised at two transverse fingers above the sternum; for minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery, the incision can be made in the axilla or subclavian or submandibular area. The skin flap is separated to the thyroid gland to obtain adequate visualization. Subsequent surgical procedures are the same in both open and minimally invasive surgery, i.e., ligation of the superior thyroid artery and vein in the upper part of the thyroid gland after exposure of the thyroid gland, with attention paid to the protection of the superior laryngeal nerve, ligation of the inferior artery in close proximity to the lower pole of the thyroid gland, and protection of the parathyroid glands, and excision of the lobes of the affected side of the thyroid gland after isolation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, or removal of the tumor, as needed. After resection of the tumor or glandular lobe, hemostasis can be performed, and the skin and subcutaneous tissues can be sutured layer by layer, waiting for awakening from anesthesia. Thyroid adenoma cystic degeneration has a variety of surgical modalities, surgical modalities need to refer to the condition of the patient, the patient’s needs and wishes, etc. reasonable choice, it is recommended that the patient timely consultation, detailed consultation with a specialist.