Surgery for esophageal cancer is generally not recommended in the decompensated stage of cirrhosis, mainly because of the high risk and physical intolerance, and other treatment options are recommended. Cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive, diffuse end stage of liver disease. The decompensated stage of cirrhosis indicates that the normal structure and blood supply of the liver have been seriously damaged, because the patient’s body function has obviously decreased and the liver function is seriously impaired, which can not meet the body’s needs after esophageal cancer surgery. If esophageal cancer surgery is performed at this time, not only the body can not tolerate it, but also the risk of the surgery will be increased. Some patients may suffer from hemorrhage and coma after the surgery, therefore, it is generally not recommended to perform esophageal cancer surgery for patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Esophageal cancer is a kind of malignant tumor originated from esophagus. Besides surgery, there are other ways to treat this disease, such as endoscopic therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, etc. Doctors will make appropriate treatment plan according to the actual situation of patients. When esophageal cancer occurs in the uncompensated stage of liver cirrhosis, patients should go to the hospital in time and cooperate with doctors for active treatment.