Jaundice into the brain is usually referred to as bilirubin encephalopathy, which can usually be detected by performing a cranial MRI. Bilirubin encephalopathy is a disease in which unconjugated bilirubin enters the central nervous system and causes damage to the central nervous system, and children may have lethargy, hyporesponsiveness, convulsions, and tetany. While cranial MRI is valuable for the diagnosis of bilirubin encephalopathy, the site of neurotoxic effect of bilirubin is highly selective, and the most common site is the pallidum of the basal nucleus. In the acute stage of bilirubin encephalopathy, cranial MRI may show symmetrical T1-weighted high signal in the pallidum bilaterally, which is a characteristic manifestation. After a few weeks or months, the above T1-weighted high signal gradually disappears and returns to normal; if the T2-weighted high signal is presented in the corresponding part, it is the change of chronic bilirubin encephalopathy, which suggests a poor prognosis. However, MRI is not the only means, but also need to monitor the serum total bilirubin concentration, blood type examination, so it is recommended that patients follow the doctor’s instructions for examination and treatment.