The incidence of cataracts is age-related, with a higher likelihood of cataracts in older age groups, and vitrectomy surgery can accelerate the onset and progression of cataracts, but there is no clear probability of this. Cataract development and progression can be accelerated by intense light exposure from the operating microscope, peroxidation of lens proteins as a result of the inner eye surgical procedure, and changes in the biochemical microenvironment of the lens induced by the procedure, and by sterile gases or silicone oils that are filled after vitrectomy. Unless younger patients have good lens clarity, vitrectomy is usually recommended in conjunction with cataract surgery to save time and cost. Patients after vitrectomy are advised to follow the prescribed care, have regular follow-ups, and seek prompt medical attention when discomfort occurs.