Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital
Li Ying 2014-05-07Li Ying, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital
Hello everyone, in the chapter of understanding food we got to know food and what is a healthy diet, so how should the amount of diet be controlled for specific diabetic patients? Today we will talk about the common food exchange method for diabetic patients.
To know how much you should eat, there are a few major steps.
Step 1: Define the total number of calories you need to consume in your meals each day
Step 2: Identify how many “servings” of food you can eat
Step 3: Choose the foods you need in a scientific way
Let’s first see how to clarify the total calorie intake in your diet every day
(1) This calorie value is determined on the basis of “standard weight”
Standard weight (kg) = height (cm) – 105
The unit of height is centimeter, my height is 165cm, standard weight is 165-105=60kg
(2) Define your labor intensity
Labor intensity
Daily energy requirement per kg of standard body weight (kcal)
Rest
25-30
Light physical work
30-35
Moderate physical work
35-40
Heavy physical work
>40
For example, domestic work or office work are mainly light physical work, which requires 30 kcal of energy per standard body weight per day.
(3) Calculate the total daily calorie intake according to the standard body weight
Take me as an example, I need 60*30=1800kcal per day
Step 2: Define how many “servings” of food you can eat
Let’s take the food that can provide 90 kcal as one serving, and calculate how many servings of food we need every day.
Generally, we divide food into four categories.
The amount of food that can provide 90 kcal is roughly as follows.
For example: 25 grams of rice is 1 serving
500 grams of spinach is 1 serving
15 grams is 1 serving of food
10 grams of oil is 1 serving of food
160 grams of milk is 1 serving of food.
Each serving of food provides 90 kcal.
By subtracting 90 from the total number of calories we need, we get how many servings of food we need each day.
At my standard weight I need 1800 kcal per day, 1800/90=20 (servings), so I can choose 20 servings per day.
Step 3: Choose your own food according to the healthy and reasonable method
Diabetic patients can choose according to their number of servings in pairs.
Generally, our three meals provide energy according to 1/5 2/5 2/5 to distribute, which is 20 servings of 4 in the morning, 7 at noon and 7 at night, plus two between meals. For diabetic patients, the total intake should be 55% of carbohydrates, 30% of fats and 15% of proteins. Therefore cereals and potatoes should make up the majority of the food.
I can roughly choose
Breakfast 2 portions of cereals and potatoes 1 portion of meat and eggs 1 portion of dairy products
Chinese meal 4 servings of cereal potatoes 2 servings of meat and eggs 1 serving of vegetables 1 serving of fats
Dinner 4 servings of cereals and potatoes 1 serving of meat and eggs 1 serving of soy products 1 serving of fats and oils
You can choose 1 time between meals 1 time 1 part of fruit
How should I choose food?
You can refer to the food exchange table for each type of food, each food provides the equivalent value of energy, all can provide 90 kcal.
By following this food exchange method, we can diversify our food, instead of being afraid to eat anything. The food exchange method can help us design our own recipes conveniently while controlling the calories in our diet. We hope that our introduction today will help you plan better and enjoy your diet.