Since the outbreak, preventive measures such as wearing masks outside and going out as little as possible have gradually been accepted. In addition to these two precautions, it is also important to disinfect properly. During an epidemic, every time you go out, you may bring home harmful microorganisms from outside, and proper disinfection allows us to “prevent the disease before it happens”. 1. Commonly used disinfectants and their usage 1. Commonly used disinfectants (1) Chlorine disinfectant (84 disinfectant) generally contains 5% effective chlorine, which is diluted 1:100 with water to 500mg/L. It is usually used for disinfecting surfaces and clothes, but it is corrosive and irritating to skin, so direct contact with the original solution should be avoided. (2) 75% ethanol disinfectant solution (alcohol) can be used to disinfect objects directly. However, due to the current material shortage, 75% alcohol is difficult to buy, but 95% alcohol is more readily available. Therefore, it is also possible to mix 300 ml of 95% alcohol with 80 ml of water to produce a 75% alcohol concentration for use. Both of the above disinfectants can be used to disinfect surfaces such as desktops and floors. However, chlorine-containing disinfectants (84 disinfectant) are corrosive and bleachable, and are not recommended for the disinfection of colored textiles and metal utensils. 2.How to use (1) Soak: For dining utensils, towels, rags, clothes, small toys, etc. (2) Wipe: Apply to door handles, table tops, toilet surfaces, etc., and ensure that the surface is wet to the naked eye after wiping. (3) Pouring: Applicable to vomit, diarrhea, body fluids, blood, etc. (4) Spraying: For quick disinfection of large areas or objects such as bathrooms and bathtub surfaces. Preventive disinfection at home 1.Air disinfection Open the windows and doors 2-3 times a day, for at least 30 minutes each time. Families with conditions can use circulating air disinfection machine, pay attention to use in strict accordance with the instructions. 2. Room disinfection (1) Ground, desktop, switches, door handles, kettles, toilets, bedside tables, etc. Wipe with 84 disinfectant solution containing 250mg/L-500mg/L effective chlorine, and wipe with water after disinfection. (2) Bathroom, bathtub, etc. Spray with 84 disinfectant solution containing 250mg/L-500mg/L of effective chlorine and rinse with clean water after disinfection. 3.Item disinfection Recommend hot water immersion disinfection, new coronavirus can be inactivated at 56℃ for 30 minutes, or boiling disinfection for 10 minutes, or disinfection with chlorine-containing disinfectants such as 84 disinfectant. (1) Towels, clothes, covers and other fabrics Soak in 250mg/L-500mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant for one hour, wash towels once a day, wash clothes regularly and try to dry at high temperature. (2) Water cups, teacups, tableware Soak in bleach, potassium permanganate for 15-30 minutes or boil in water for 15 minutes, disinfect at any time after use, and rinse well with running water after disinfection. (3) Mobile phones and keys When disinfecting cell phones, separate the phone from the case. Use 75% alcohol cotton ball or 75% alcohol cotton pad (alcohol cotton ball should be wrung out to avoid damage to the phone when wiping the phone with liquid seeping inside) to wipe the body first. It is recommended to disinfect from top to bottom, with the front, back and side edges wiped. Disinfect the phone case in the same way. The keys should be disinfected in the same way as the phone, but it should be noted that the accessories and rings should not be left out and should be disinfected in place. After the disinfection work is completed, remember to clean your hands with the seven-step method. (4) Take-out, delivery and delivery Wipe with a towel dipped in 75% alcohol, or you can use diluted sodium hypochlorite, which is our common 84 disinfectant. Also note that when receiving take-out and courier, it is best to wear gloves, and to regulate the wearing of masks; send and receive courier can also use the courier cabinet. 4, special tips Because the current health commission recommends home isolation, so home isolation, mobile water with hand sanitizer or soap to wash your hands, if necessary, use alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, chlorhexidine alcohol solution, iodophor and other disinfectants for scrubbing. If you do not touch public items in public places, such as escalators, handles, switches, buttons, etc., it is not necessary to wash your hands too often or even disinfect them. Disinfection at home 1.How to disinfect after friends come home If there are no friends coming back from the infected area, there is no need for special disinfection, just ventilate often, wash hands regularly and do daily cleaning. 2.How to disinfect after going out (1) Don’t throw away used masks, put them in a garbage bag and spray the right amount of medical alcohol into the bag and seal it; (2) Disinfect or clean cell phones, keys and items brought home with alcohol; (3) Put the clothes you take off at the window and open the window for ventilation; (4) Wash your hands in time with soap or hand sanitizer and put your wrists, back of your hands, palms, finger crevices, etc. (4) Wash your hands promptly with soap or hand sanitizer, scrub your wrists, the back of your hands, the palms of your hands, the seams of your fingers, etc. for about 30 seconds, taking care to rinse with running water and dry your hands with paper towels. 3, domestic pets to be disinfected There is no evidence that pet cats and dogs can be infected with the new coronavirus, jerking cats and dogs, wash your hands after jerking, daily disinfection and sterilization can be, no need for special disinfection. 4.How to disinfect your child’s belongings You can steam them for 10 minutes after opening the pot. 5.Can you use ultraviolet light to disinfect? Yes, but it is not necessary, pay attention to keep the air circulation in the room, and do a good job of daily cleaning. 6.Will the high frequency of disinfection cause discomfort? Disinfection must be targeted, some people spray disinfectant on car wheels, this way is not very meaningful, and can be said to be meaningless. And when disinfecting the air with disinfectant, it must be in an unoccupied environment. If people inhale the disinfectant or spray it repeatedly on their bodies, there is a potential risk, and this risk cannot be quantitatively assessed. 7. Disinfectant wipes, sprays, and leave-on hand sanitizers, can they be disinfecting If you are out and about, you can use hand sanitizers to disinfect your hands. Commonly used hand sanitizers may be some alcohol-containing hand sanitizers, and alcohol-free hand sanitizers may be used for people allergic to alcohol. If there is no hand sanitizer, wiping with disinfectant wipes can also be used. 8.What is the difference between edible alcohol and medical alcohol In addition to the different preparation materials and processes, industrial alcohol can only be used as a raw material for non-edible chemical industries or as fuel because it contains methanol and other substances harmful to human body. Medical and pharmaceutical alcohol can be used in the production of drugs, and can also be used for medical disinfection after dilution in proportion. 9.Can vinegar be disinfected? Smoking vinegar and drinking white wine are useless. 10.The thicker the disinfectant, the better? Disinfectants have certain toxic side effects, too high a concentration will stimulate the human mouth, respiratory tract, lungs, over time can lead to organs and tissues become weak, but easy to infection. You must read the instructions carefully before use and prepare the appropriate concentration of disinfectant. 11.Does it need to be disinfected if there are no relatives in the house? If there are no strangers in the house, no relatives or friends coming back from the infected area, no suspected or confirmed patients, and no one appears to be unwell, disinfection is not necessary. Frequent ventilation, frequent hand washing and good cleaning are sufficient. Excessive disinfection at home is not recommended. 12.Is expired disinfectant still effective? Most of the effective disinfectant components of expired disinfectant are no longer effective and should be disposed of properly. 13.Can disinfectants be mixed? No, especially toilet bowl cleaner and 84 disinfectant, to avoid coughing, chest tightness and even breathing difficulties due to chlorine poisoning. 4. Frequently asked questions about disinfection 1. Do you need to wear gloves when riding in elevators At present, all units and communities disinfect elevators daily, and they are generally safe. Gloves are only required for direct contact with contaminants. Therefore, after entering or leaving the elevator and returning home, be sure to wash your hands first and do a good job of such protection. 2, how to disinfect the toilet used by others It is recommended to use the wipe disinfection method, available disinfectant, alcohol or disposable disinfectant cotton wipes, and ensure that after wiping, its surface exists in a wet state recognizable to the naked eye. 3.How to disinfect when riding in a cab You can consume your own disinfectant paper towels to disinfect the seat and the parts that can be reached by hand, and ask the driver or other passengers to wear a good mask, and open the windows for ventilation throughout the vehicle, and make sure to disinfect your hands again after getting off. 4.What disinfection supplies to prepare for when you take your child out You can bring some disposable hand disinfectant containing alcohol to disinfect your baby, and be sure to change clothes and pay attention to hand hygiene in a timely manner after you get home. V. What protection should be done when disinfecting Even low and medium-effect disinfectants can cause irritation and allergic reactions, so do your personal protection when disinfecting. 1.When configuring disinfectant solution and disinfection, you can wear latex or nitrile gloves, waterproof apron (or wear long-sleeved raincoat) and mask to reduce unnecessary contact. 2.Disinfectant solution should be used now, it is easy to be invalidated after long storage. 3.After disinfection, wipe the disinfected items with water to remove the residual disinfectant. If disinfectant is used when washing clothes, rinse several times with water. 4. Disinfectants should be stored in a dry, light-proof and ventilated environment, while avoiding contact with children. Reference: 1. Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “Guidelines for home isolation and disinfection of close contacts of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (1st edition)” 2. Life Times, “How can we do a good job of “home disinfection” if we stay at home? 3, China CDC, “Home disinfection of those things [new coronavirus science knowledge] (76)” 4, the Health and Welfare Commission propaganda department, “February 2, 2020 press conference transcript” Source: you come to doctor