”Macular anterior membrane”, also known as preretinal membrane, macular folds. Its causes are: 1. Idiopathic, that is, no particular cause, usually common in the elderly; 2. Traumatic (including after intraocular surgery): trauma or surgery causes a trauma healing process that can cause fibrous tissue to proliferate and form the anterior membrane; 3. Congenital. The main harm of preretinal membrane is that this collagen fiber formed membrane is translucent or opaque, so of course it affects vision, and the main harm is actually that the fiber membrane can contract, causing edema of the retina, which in turn affects vision. The principle of treatment of macular anterior membrane: First of all, it is stated that macular anterior membrane medication is basically useless. 1, if the visual acuity is greater than 0.5 or more, the patient’s symptoms are not obvious, and due to old age, do not want to do surgery, can observe, every 2-3 months to do OCT examination, if the condition is stable, can always observe, because, some lesions can always not develop; 2, if the visual acuity is less than 0.5, visual deformation is serious, the patient requires urgent can be surgical treatment. The purpose of surgery is to remove a layer of fibrous membrane from the retina or pre-macular, expecting to relieve the edema of the retina (generally it takes 3-6 months for the edema to be absorbed after surgery), to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the vision, and also a few can improve the vision. The surgery of macular anterior membrane using minimally invasive vitreous surgery technique can be finished in about 40 minutes generally, there should be no problem technically at present, but we do not actively do it and choose patients with relatively low vision to do it, the reason is that any surgery is risky, in the process of stripping the anterior retinal membrane, if the anterior membrane adheres to the retina very tightly, it may cause damage to the nerve fiber layer, resulting in vision or visual field damage. However, if the vision is worse, then surgery is necessary because there is no other way to treat it. The following figure shows the fundus color image of the macular anterior membrane: OCT of the macular anterior membrane: Macular anterior membrane surgery: Minimally invasive biosurgery is used to carefully remove the anterior retinal membrane from the macular area. Postoperatively, some patients require vitreous cavity inflation and low head position for a few days after surgery. Some need vitreous cavity injection of hormonal drugs to promote edema absorption. It depends on the situation.