Cholangiocarcinoma is a benign lesion, and some patients can live their whole life without any treatment and only observe and follow up; however, when cholangiocarcinoma appears to have cancerous tendency, these patients need to be treated in time. Cholangiocarcinoma is not a true tumor, the nuclei of bile duct epithelial cells are not heterogeneous, and it generally manifests as benign hyperplasia, so it does not need any special treatment, only observation and follow-up. However, cholangiocarcinoma may become cancerous through hyperplasia, metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia, and a heterogeneous pattern between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma has been observed in histology. Therefore, cholangiocarcinoma is a benign hepatic lesion with malignant potential. When cholangiocarcinoma shows atypical hyperplasia, lack of bile and mucus in the lumen, and necrosis in the tissues, it is suggestive of carcinoma and requires prompt surgical resection. Patients with cholangio-disturbed tumor should go to the hospital in time, complete the examination, and follow up or treatment under the doctor’s guidance.