Insomnia is one of the most common sleep disorders, which is mainly manifested by difficulty in falling asleep, easy to wake up in the middle of sleep, early awakening, low quality of sleep and significant reduction of sleep time. Insomnia is a common phenomenon in people’s lives. According to epidemiological surveys, the number of insomnia accounts for 32% to 3.5% of the total population in the United States, 10% to 14% in the United Kingdom, 20% in Japan, and 15% in West Germany. In China, there are no exact statistics in this regard, but according to clinicians’ estimation, it is at least greater than 10%. One of the common manifestations of insomnia is the difficulty in falling asleep, which is also called “difficulty in falling asleep insomnia”. When lying in bed, the brain more and more awake, the past things like a movie, constantly in the mind, the more you force yourself not to think about these things, the more likely to cause irritability, the more you can not sleep, so tossing and turning can not sleep, has been to toss one or two hours to fall asleep. There is also a phenomenon of insomnia is that after going to bed, the mind does not want anything, just open eyes and can not sleep, this insomnia is called “subcortical insomnia”. Another manifestation of insomnia is that it is easy to wake up in the middle of sleep, and after sleep, the brain still maintains a certain level of alertness, and is awakened by the slightest movement around, repeatedly many times during the night, and the actual sleep time is less, and the next day the mind is drowsy and feels tired and weak. This kind of insomnia is also called “light sleep insomnia” or “intermittent insomnia”. Another kind of insomnia is that you can fall asleep quickly after going to bed, but wake up very early. After waking up, it is not easy to fall back to sleep, and wait until dawn with eyes wide open, this kind of insomnia is called “early awakening insomnia” or “terminal insomnia”. This phenomenon is mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people. In short, insomnia has various manifestations, some people have only one manifestation, and many people have several manifestations at the same time, the most common is both difficult to fall asleep and easy to wake up. However, “insomnia” is different from “insomnia”. Insomnia” is only a phenomenon that may occur occasionally and temporarily, while “insomnia” is a long-term phenomenon of poor sleep, and the daytime mental depression, fatigue, emotional instability, lack of concentration, and sometimes there are panic, palpitations and other phenomena of plant nerve dysfunction. There are two levels of treatment for insomnia, the main one being the treatment of the cause, actively looking for the cause of insomnia, because for most insomnia, insomnia is just a manifestation, behind insomnia may be more mental or psychological disorders, because the survey found that close to 50% of long-term chronic insomnia is caused by various psychological disorders. Anxiety, depression, compulsion, and terror can all be accompanied by different degrees of insomnia, in addition to work stress, interpersonal disputes, children’s education, husband and wife relationships, and other psychosocial factors can all cause different degrees of insomnia. Only 15% of insomnia cannot find a clear cause, which is clinically called primary insomnia. Therefore, the most important insomnia treatment is to find the cause of insomnia and actively treat the cause in order to really treat insomnia at the root. The second level of insomnia treatment is symptomatic treatment. While actively treating the cause, the symptoms of insomnia should be improved, and symptomatic treatment is divided into drug treatment and non-drug treatment. Drug treatment is not recommended to use Valium drugs, such as Valium, Gagoderm, Clonidine, etc., because these drugs are not only a potential addiction hazard, but also have an effect on a person’s memory. Because of the generally long half-life of these drugs, there is often dizziness and drowsiness the next day, commonly known as the hangover phenomenon. In addition, these drugs often have a muscle relaxing effect, and after taking them, the limbs often feel weak, and the elderly are prone to fall down. Clonidine has been clinically reported to cause fractures in elderly people who have fallen after taking it. Therefore, it is not recommended or must be used under the guidance of a specialist. At present, another new class of hypnotic drugs is being used in clinical practice, such as levopiridone (Sanchen), zolpidem (Sinos), zaleplon, etc. The common features of these drugs are fast acting, short half-life, little risk of addiction, and no hangover phenomenon of Valium. These drugs can really achieve on-demand treatment, that is, when you can not sleep before taking, without the need for advance prophylactic use. The disadvantage of these drugs, however, is that they have a general hypnotic effect and are not ideal for severe insomnia. For more serious insomnia, another class of drugs is antidepressants with anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, such as mirtazapine. Trazodone, etc. As the drugs here are psychotropic drugs, they must be used under the guidance of experts. There are many methods of non-pharmacological treatment for insomnia. The American Association of Clinical Psychology has studied three methods that have proven effective for insomnia: first, sleep stimulation control therapy, second, ambivalent intention therapy, and third, relaxation therapy. The so-called sleep stimulation control therapy is a treatment method for patients with long-term chronic insomnia, which requires specific practices: 1 not sleepy not to go to bed; 2 not to do anything unrelated to sleep after going to bed, such as reading books, listening to music, etc.; 3 half an hour after going to bed still can not fall asleep, leave the bed, do something at random, sleepy again, 4 regardless of what time you sleep at night, the next day on time to get up; 5 avoid daytime sleep. This will be very effective in treating chronic insomnia, especially difficulty in falling asleep. The so-called paradoxical intention therapy is for those patients who have insomnia because of the fear of insomnia, these patients have an unusual fear of insomnia, special attention to their own sleep, at night they start to worry about insomnia, trying to do everything to help sleep, especially the closer to sleep the more worried, do not know that it is precisely this worry caused by the anxiety to prevent sleep, consistent with the formation of a vicious circle. The more you can’t sleep, the more you worry, and the more you worry, the more you can’t sleep. For this kind of patients can be used contradictory intention therapy: that is, at night tell yourself that you can not sleep tonight, feel free to do anything, so the purpose is to interrupt this vicious circle, because sleep is a physiological process, to a certain time, sleepiness and sleepiness come naturally. The purpose of this therapy is to eliminate the fear of insomnia and the effect on insomnia. Many studies have shown that stress and anxiety can affect the level of endocrine secretion in the body, which in turn affects the quality of sleep, while proper relaxation will regulate the level of endocrine secretion and help improve sleep. There are many forms of relaxation: listening to light music, taking a walk, etc. This kind of relaxation is especially useful in the evening to improve the quality of sleep. This is called relaxation therapy. The more complete the relaxation, the better the quality of sleep. It is important to mention here that the need for sleep is different for each person due to physiological differences. The special feature is that as we get older, the need for insomnia becomes less and less. This is a normal physiological phenomenon and should not be feared. Another aspect of diagnosing insomnia is the effect it has on the next day’s state of life. If you sleep for only 5 hours the first night and feel little to no energy the next day, this is not insomnia. No treatment is needed. Some reports that people must sleep for 7-8 hours are misleading and have little scientific basis.