Urine erythrocyte morphology is known as glomerulonephritic hematuria if the anisotropic erythrocytes are greater than 80%, which can confirm the diagnosis of inflammatory nephritic disease. It is usually seen in various glomerular diseases, such as acute glomerulonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis, acute progressive glomerulonephritis, purpuric nephritis and lupus nephritis, etc. Further tests need to be done, and if there is proteinuria, 24h urine protein quantitative test needs to be done for further treatment. Meanwhile heterogeneous red blood cells less than 50%, known as homogeneous erythrocyturia, are most commonly seen in conditions such as pyelonephritis, cystitis, stones, tumors, malformations and blood disorders. Therefore if the patient does have hematuria, urine erythrocyte morphology should be done to determine whether the patient’s hematuria is of nephrogenic or non-nephrogenic origin for further testing and treatment.