Possible causes of elevated urinary N-acetyl-β aminoglucosidase (NAG) include kidney injury caused by medications and heavy metals (mercury, lead), high blood pressure, urinary tract infections, etc. Causative treatment, such as oral prednisone acetate, blood purification, and anti-infections (e.g., amoxicillin), is required before urinary N-acetyl-β aminoglucosidase can be brought down. NAG is a lysosome, also known as urease. It is widely distributed in all tissues of the body, but is highest in the prostate and the proximal renal tubules of the kidney. Elevated urinary NAG is of greater significance in active renal tubular injury. Elevated NAG needs to be combined with history and other tests to determine the cause of the disease, and then treat the cause of the disease. For example, if it is caused by drugs and heavy metals, it can be prescribed oral prednisone, cyclophosphamide, blood purification, and metal repellent treatment, etc.; if it is caused by high blood pressure, it can be prescribed oral valsartan, Benadryl, etc.; if it is caused by urinary tract infections, it needs to be treated with antibiotics (such as amoxicillin). All of the above medications should be used in accordance with the doctor’s instructions, and should not be used without authorization. Elevated urinary N-acetyl-β aminoglucosidase generally indicates renal injury, it is recommended to go to a regular hospital as soon as possible, to clarify the cause, and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment.