The surgical physical examination mainly examines the following areas: first, the head, mainly to see if there is a defect in the skull or if there is any significant deformation. Second, the neck should be examined to see if there is any obvious enlargement of the thyroid gland, enlargement of the parotid gland, and enlargement of the submandibular gland. Thirdly, the patient’s chest should be examined to see if there are obvious deformities of the thorax, such as corpus cavernosum. Fourth, the spine needs to be further examined for obvious scoliosis. Fifth, the abdomen needs to be checked for obvious yellow staining of the skin and sclera, or dilated blood vessels, and whether there is an obvious mass in the abdomen. Sixth, both lower limbs should be checked to see if they can be flexed and if there are any abnormalities in the knee joints. Seventh, the patient’s feet should be checked to see if they are flat-footed. Eighth, some patients need to check the anal condition, for example, to see if there are perianal abscesses, hemorrhoids and anal fissures. Ninth, it is also necessary to check whether the patient has tattoos and other conditions.