Intervertebral foraminoscopy is a surgical procedure that removes herniated disc tissue under endoscopic view through a special lateral foraminal approach. It is completely different from conventional open disc nucleus pulposus removal, and has the advantages of small incision, less bleeding, clear vision, safer operation, less postoperative pain, and faster recovery, while achieving or exceeding the efficacy of conventional open surgery. Intervertebral foraminoscopy is a minimally invasive spinal surgery system that removes the nerve root pressure and eliminates the pain caused by nerve compression by completely removing the herniated or prolapsed nucleus pulposus and hyperplastic bone outside the foramen’s safe triangle and the disc’s fibrous ring. While the herniated or prolapsed nucleus pulposus is completely removed, osteophytes are removed, spinal stenosis is treated, and the broken annulus fibrosus can be repaired using radiofrequency technology. The patient is placed in a prone or lateral position under local anesthesia, and the patient remains awake during surgery, with a very low recurrence rate. Since the introduction of the foraminal technique it has been widely used and has become the main surgical procedure for the treatment of disc lesions. Intervertebral foraminal surgery indications: 1. Lumbar disc herniation: compression of nerves, resulting in back pain, lumbar and leg pain, limited walking, intermittent claudication, etc. Zhu Jianguang, Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai Oriental Hospital 2. Lumbar discogenic low back pain: that is, the disc protrusion is not obvious, but the low back pain is obvious, recurrent, and conservative treatment is ineffective. At this time, the intervertebral disc has already appeared structural damage, thus causing pain. 3. Lumbar foraminal stenosis: In middle-aged and elderly patients with low back pain, the foraminal stenosis is formed by bone spurs or ligamentous hypertrophy, resulting in obstruction of the nerve channel. Enlarging the intervertebral foramen can achieve nerve decompression. There are several advantages of intervertebral foraminoscopy versus traditional surgery: Technical advantage one: minimally invasive. The lateral approach avoids interference with the spinal canal and nerves and has no effect on the stability of the spine. Technical advantage two: direct purpose. Any herniated disc fragment can be removed. Technical advantage 3: Wide range of indications. It can deal with almost all types of disc herniation, partial spinal stenosis, foraminal stenosis, calcification and other lesions. Technical advantage four: low complications. Small trauma, no scarring at important structures after surgery leading to adhesions of the spinal canal and nerves. Technical advantage 5: High safety. Local anesthesia, basically no bleeding, clear surgical field of view, and reduced risk of misoperation. Technical advantage six: fast recovery. The next day after surgery, the patient can go down to the ground and resume normal work and physical exercise in an average of 3-6 weeks. Technical advantage seven: high patient satisfaction. Immediate pain relief, simple care, and outpatient surgery with a skin incision of only 7 mm. Technical advantage VIII: Wide range of extension. Artificial nucleus pulposus and artificial intervertebral disc can be performed.