Persistent status epilepticus is a common medical emergency. If left untreated, patients may suffer from high fever, respiratory and circulatory failure, and electrolyte disturbance leading to permanent brain damage, which has a high disability and mortality rate, and should be treated promptly. The traditional definition of persistent status epilepticus refers to seizures that do not fully recover consciousness and recur frequently between consecutive seizures, or seizures that last more than 30 minutes and do not stop on their own. The current view is that neuronal damage may occur if a patient has a generalized tonic-clonic seizure lasting more than 5 minutes. For patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures with symptoms lasting more than 5 minutes, the diagnosis of status epilepticus should be considered and emergency treatment should be performed. The treatment of persistent epilepsy includes general management and pharmacological treatment. General management refers to keeping the airway open, administering oxygen, tracheotomy if necessary, monitoring the patient’s vital signs, establishing intravenous access, and actively preventing cerebral edema and infection. The first-line drugs such as diazepam, clonazepam, phenobarbital and phenytoin sodium are preferred for the pharmacological treatment of patients with persistent epilepsy. Patients with refractory status epilepticus who are not treated with the above drugs and have continuous seizures for more than 1 hour can be treated with isopentobarbital, midazolam, propofol, and lidocaine to rapidly terminate the seizures. After the seizures have stopped, the cause of status epilepticus should be actively sought and treated, and various complications should be treated. In summary, patients with persistent status epilepticus should be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment to terminate the seizures and save brain function.