1. Is diabetic eye disease related to the number of years of onset?
The occurrence of diabetic eye disease is related to the number of years of diabetes onset. The longer the onset, the more severe the eye damage caused. Stable blood glucose control can slow down the onset of eye disease. Poorly controlled blood sugar can lead to earlier onset of eye disease. It is also important to control blood pressure and blood viscosity. type 1 diabetic patients have more frequent and serious eye complications.
2. How to identify the symptoms of different eye diseases?
Diabetes can cause eye discomfort, but it is not simply caused by retinopathy, “sugar lovers” should learn to identify simple, such as.
(1) Refractive changes: Sometimes myopia, sometimes hyperopia.
(2) Eyelid lesions: recurrent blepharitis and blepharitis.
(3) Conjunctival disease: recurrent conjunctivitis.
(4) Keratoconus: dry eye, corneal epithelial erosion, delayed corneal wound healing, etc.
(5) Iris lesions: iritis, iris pigment loss, etc.
(6) Glaucoma: neovascular glaucoma
(7) Cataract: diabetic cataract and senile cataract in diabetic patients.
(8) Eye muscle paralysis: can show easy fatigue and strabismus and diplopia after eye use.
(9) Retinopathy: It is the most common and the most serious.
3.Why do diabetic patients sometimes see clearly and sometimes blurred?
This is due to the lens regulation, the lens nutrition from the eye a colorless transparent liquid – atrial water, when blood sugar rises, the atrial water glucose concentration increases, diffusion into the lens, the lens osmotic pressure rises, the lens fibers absorb water swelling, myopia; when blood sugar suddenly lowered caused the opposite osmotic pressure changes When blood glucose suddenly decreases, the water in the lens decreases and farsightedness occurs. This change in vision reminds you that you should pay attention to the change in blood glucose, but you do not need to get a lens immediately, you should get another optometry after the blood glucose is stabilized.
4.What is diabetic retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy is a serious complication of diabetic eye disease that mainly affects the retina of the eye. The retina is similar to the film of a camera, which can perceive visual images. Diabetic retinopathy usually occurs after many years of diabetes. The longer you have had diabetes, the greater the chance of developing diabetic retinopathy.
5. Do diabetics need to see an ophthalmologist even if they have no eye symptoms?
Yes, because it is very one-sided for patients to judge whether there is a problem in their eyes only based on their vision. We divide the fundus into the central area and the peripheral area, and the central area refers to the macula. If there is no bleeding or exudation in the macula, the patient may not easily notice it, but the peripheral retina may already have damage and treatment should be started.
6.How many types of diabetic retinopathy are there?
There are mainly 2 types and 6 stages, and in 1984, the classification standard of our fundus group was divided into 2 types and 6 stages, from stage 1 to stage 6, the disease gradually worsens, the first 3 stages can also be called non-proliferative type, manifesting as microangiomas, small pieces of hemorrhage and exudation. The latter 3 stages are called proliferative and present with fundus neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage, fibroproliferation, and retinal detachment. Internationally, there is another stage called ETDES stage, which is more specialized, but the treatment principle is still the same.
7.What is diabetic macular degeneration?
Macula is the most sensitive part of retinal vision, we usually use it to see things, and the damage to the fundus of the eye caused by diabetes affects macula most. Damage to the macula can be manifested as exudation, hemorrhage, macular edema, which makes you lose your vision and distort your visual objects.
8.What is neovascularization and is it a normal blood vessel?
Neovascularization is an unhealthy blood vessel induced by retinal ischemia and hypoxia, which can grow in clusters and bleed very easily, and if the bleeding is large, it will affect your vision. The appearance of neovascularization marks that diabetic retinopathy has entered a more serious stage.
9. Is diabetic retinopathy always progressing?
Most patients are. Stable blood sugar control and proper treatment can control the progression of the lesion and maintain useful vision throughout life.
10.How is diabetic retinopathy treated?
Blood sugar control is the key. Stage 1-2 can be treated medically with microcirculation improvement and hemostatic drugs and iodine preparations; stage 3-4 is mainly treated with photocoagulation, which is an effective method commonly used in the world; stage 4-6 is usually treated with surgery, and most patients can recover some of their vision after surgery.