Anterior rotator teres syndrome is a lesion caused by entrapment of the median nerve as it passes between the two heads of the anterior rotator teres muscle. The pronator teres is a superficial muscle of the upper arm that starts at the lower humerus and ends at the medial ulna, and serves to rotate the forearm forward. The median nerve passes between the two heads of the pronator teres and can become entrapped, causing symptoms. It often occurs after repeatedly rotating the forearm and flexing the fingers with force, such as twisting the wrist joint while holding a heavy object in the hand, and it mostly occurs in mechanics or carpenters. Other etiologies include forearm trauma, skeletal abnormalities, tumor compression, and local scar formation. It is noteworthy that the incidence is four times higher in women than in men. Symptoms: 1. Numbness or tingling sensation in the palm of the hand and 3 1/2 fingers on the radial side (except the ulnar side of the little finger and ring finger); 2. Soreness in the forearm; 3. Increased pain when resisting anterior rotation (turning the palm of the hand to the ground); 4. Increased pain when flexing the wrist; 5. Pressure pain in the circular muscle before rotation; 6. Tinel’s sign positive in the proximal 1/3 of the palmar side of the forearm, but negative for Phalen’s sign; 7. Decreased muscle strength in the 3 fingers on the radial side; 8. 8. decreased muscle strength of the forearm anterior rotation and wrist flexion; 9. electromyography showed median nerve entrapment at the anterior rotation round muscle. The symptoms of pronator teres syndrome are very similar to those of carpal tunnel syndrome, and it is necessary to differentiate them. Carpal tunnel syndrome does not have decreased anterior rotator muscle strength in the forearm, nor does it induce pain when the forearm is rotated anteriorly, and there is no pressure pain in the anterior rotator round muscle. Carpal tunnel syndrome also does not cause numbness or tingling in the palm of the hand; these symptoms only appear in the fingers. Treatment: 1. rest and avoid movements that aggravate the symptoms; 2. ice to relieve pain and swelling; 3. oral or topical NSAIDs; 4. physical therapy, massage, and acupuncture to relax the muscles; 5. appropriate stretching of the anterior rotator muscle; 6. local injection of cortisol hormone; 7. if conservative treatment is ineffective, consider surgery to loosen the tension or abnormal structures.