The normal flora in the oral cavity maintains the dynamic balance of the oral microenvironment and usually does not require treatment if it does not cause any symptoms. If cariogenic microorganisms, such as Streptococcus pyogenes, Lactobacillus spp. and Actinobacillus spp. are present and multiply in large numbers and metabolize to produce acid, they are likely to lead to dental caries. In the case of bacterial infections such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Porphyromonas intermedius, they are associated with periodontal disease. When harmful bacteria invade the oral cavity, symptomatic treatment and removal of pathogenic factors are the main focus, such as timely fossa sealing after the eruption of milk molar and permanent molar, which can effectively avoid bacterial invasion. Dental caries can be applied to light-curing resin, glass ionomer, etc. for caries filling, eliminating food impaction and adjusting occlusion. Patients with periodontal disease can be treated with supragingival scaling, subgingival scraping, and periodontal surgery if necessary. Coccidioidomycosis is based on anti-inflammatory and oral cleaning. Antibiotics can be used under the guidance of a doctor, such as compound chlorhexidine gargle, amoxicillin, ornidazole, etc., but not all cases are suitable for the application of antibiotics. In daily life, we should pay attention to maintaining oral hygiene, rinsing mouth after meals and brushing teeth on time. Eat a light diet, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, eat less sweets, avoid spicy and stimulating foods. Mouthwash should not be used frequently to avoid destroying the normal flora in the mouth. Exercise more to enhance personal fitness, do not stay up late, and seek medical treatment in time for symptoms of discomfort.